Shi Menglin, Zheng Chaozhong, Sun Yidan, Li Xiaoyue, He Guilun, Cao Junming, Tan Beiping, Xie Shiwei
Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Jun 26;13(13):2109. doi: 10.3390/ani13132109.
The study aimed to assess the impact of adding chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) to the diet of on their growth performance, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, and hepatopancreas health while being fed a low fishmeal diet. Five diets were formulated, one of which contained 25% fishmeal (PC); fishmeal was partially replaced with protein in the remaining four diets and supplemented with 0, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09% CDCA (NC, BA1, BA2, and BA3, respectively). In this study, four replicates of each diet were assigned and each replicate consisted of 30 shrimp with an average weight of (0.25 ± 0.03 g). The shrimp were fed four times a day for a period of 56 days. The results of this study indicate that the inclusion of CDCA in the diet had a positive impact on the growth performance of the shrimp. The final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), and specific growth rate (SGR) of the shrimp in the PC group were similar to those in the BA2 group, and significantly higher than those in the other three groups. The survival rate (SR) was similar among all groups. In comparison to the PC group, the low fishmeal groups exhibited a significant decrease in the crude lipid content of the whole shrimp, as well as the Total cholesterol (T-CHOL), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and High-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels in the hemolymph. Regarding the sterol metabolism, the dietary supplementation of CDCA up-regulated the mRNA expression of intracellular cholesterol transporter 1-like (), 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (), Delta (24) sterol reductase (), HMG-CoA reductase membrane form (), and sterol carrier protein 2 (). In the lipid metabolism, the mRNA expression of sterol-regulatory element binding protein () was significantly down-regulated in the shrimp fed the BA1 diet and the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase () was significantly up-regulated in the shrimp fed the BA1 and BA3 diets compared to the PC group. The mRNA expression of triacylglycerol lipase () was significantly up-regulated in the shrimp fed the BA2 diet compared to the NC group. Compared with the shrimp fed the PC diets, the dietary supplementation of CDCA significantly down-regulated the protein expression of SREBP1. The lumen damage in the BA1 group was significantly less severe than those in the NC group. The addition of 0.06% CDCA to low fishmeal diets can improve the growth performance, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, and hepatopancreas health of .
本研究旨在评估在低鱼粉日粮中添加鹅去氧胆酸（CDCA）对虾生长性能、脂质和胆固醇代谢以及肝胰腺健康的影响。配制了五种日粮，其中一种含有25%的鱼粉（PC）；在其余四种日粮中，鱼粉部分被植物蛋白替代，并分别添加0、0.03%、0.06%和0.09%的CDCA（分别为NC、BA1、BA2和BA3）。在本研究中，每种日粮设置四个重复，每个重复由30只平均体重为（0.25±0.03克）的虾组成。虾每天投喂四次，持续56天。本研究结果表明，日粮中添加CDCA对虾的生长性能有积极影响。PC组虾的终末体重（FBW）、增重（WG）和特定生长率（SGR）与BA2组相似，且显著高于其他三组。所有组的存活率（SR）相似。与PC组相比，低鱼粉组虾的全虾粗脂肪含量以及血淋巴中的总胆固醇（T-CHOL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）水平显著降低。关于固醇代谢，日粮中添加CDCA上调了细胞内胆固醇转运蛋白1样（）、7-脱氢胆固醇还原酶（）、Delta（24）固醇还原酶（）、HMG-CoA还原酶膜形式（）和固醇载体蛋白2（）的mRNA表达。在脂质代谢方面，与PC组相比，饲喂BA1日粮的虾中固醇调节元件结合蛋白（）的mRNA表达显著下调，饲喂BA1和BA3日粮的虾中AMP激活蛋白激酶（）的表达显著上调。与NC组相比，饲喂BA2日粮的虾中甘油三酯脂肪酶（）的mRNA表达显著上调。与饲喂PC日粮的虾相比，日粮中添加CDCA显著下调了SREBP1的蛋白表达。BA1组的管腔损伤明显不如NC组严重。在低鱼粉日粮中添加0.06%的CDCA可以改善虾的生长性能、脂质和胆固醇代谢以及肝胰腺健康。
