Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 55 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Ann Hematol. 2023 Apr;102(4):955-959. doi: 10.1007/s00277-023-05136-2. Epub 2023 Feb 16.
Hematologic complications, including vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), have been associated with the original severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines. However, on August 31, 2022, new formulations of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines were approved for use without clinical trial testing. Thus, any potential adverse hematologic effects with these new vaccines remain unknown. We queried the US Centers for Disease Control Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), a national surveillance database, through February 3, 2023, all reported hematologic adverse events that occurred within 42 days of administration of either the Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna Bivalent COVID-19 Booster vaccine. We included all patient ages and geographic locations and utilized 71 unique VAERS diagnostic codes pertaining to a hematologic condition as defined in the VAERS database. Fifty-five reports of hematologic events were identified (60.0% Pfizer-BioNTech, 27.3% Moderna, 7.3% Pfizer-BioNTech bivalent booster plus influenza, 5.5% Moderna bivalent booster plus influenza). The median age of patients was 66 years, and 90.9% (50/55) of reports involved a description of cytopenias or thrombosis. Notably, 3 potential cases of ITP and 1 case of VITT were identified. In one of the first safety analyses of the new SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccines, we identified few adverse hematologic events (1.05 per 1,000,000 doses), most of which could not be definitively attributed to vaccination. However, three reports of possible ITP and one report of possible VITT highlight the need for continued safety monitoring of these vaccines as their use expands and new formulations are authorized.
血液学并发症,包括疫苗诱导的免疫性血栓性血小板减少症(VITT)、免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)和自身免疫性溶血性贫血(AIHA),与最初的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)疫苗有关。然而,2022 年 8 月 31 日,辉瑞-生物技术公司和 Moderna 公司的新配方疫苗获得批准,无需临床试验即可使用。因此,这些新疫苗是否存在任何潜在的不良血液学影响仍不得而知。我们通过美国疾病控制与预防中心疫苗不良事件报告系统(VAERS)查询了 2023 年 2 月 3 日前所有报告的接种辉瑞-生物技术公司或 Moderna 二价 COVID-19 加强针后 42 天内发生的血液学不良事件,这是一个全国性监测数据库。我们纳入了所有年龄和地理位置的患者,并利用 VAERS 数据库中定义的 71 个独特的 VAERS 诊断代码来描述血液学疾病。共发现 55 例血液学事件报告(60.0%为辉瑞-生物技术公司,27.3%为 Moderna,7.3%为辉瑞-生物技术公司二价加强针加流感,5.5%为 Moderna 二价加强针加流感)。患者的中位年龄为 66 岁,90.9%(50/55)的报告涉及血细胞减少或血栓形成的描述。值得注意的是,发现了 3 例疑似 ITP 和 1 例疑似 VITT。在对新 SARS-CoV-2 加强针疫苗的首次安全性分析之一中,我们发现了少数不良血液学事件(每 100 万剂 1.05 例),其中大多数不能明确归因于疫苗接种。然而,3 例可能的 ITP 和 1 例可能的 VITT 报告突出表明,随着这些疫苗的使用范围扩大和新配方获得批准,需要继续对这些疫苗进行安全性监测。