Asaoka Riku
Department of Psychology, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Exp Brain Res. 2023 Mar;241(3):889-903. doi: 10.1007/s00221-023-06564-2. Epub 2023 Feb 16.
The perceived duration of a target visual stimulus is shorter when a brief non-target visual stimulus precedes and trails the target than when it appears alone. This time compression requires spatiotemporal proximity of the target and non-target stimuli, which is one of the perceptual grouping rules. The present study examined whether and how another grouping rule, stimulus (dis)similarity, modulated this effect. In Experiment 1, time compression occurred only when the preceding and trailing stimuli (black-white checkerboard) were dissimilar from the target (unfilled round or triangle) with spatiotemporal proximity. In contrast, it was reduced when the preceding or trailing stimuli (filled rounds or triangles) were similar to the target. Experiment 2 revealed time compression with dissimilar stimuli, independent of the intensity or saliency of the target and non-target stimuli. Experiment 3 replicated the findings of Experiment 1 by manipulating the luminance similarity between target and non-target stimuli. Furthermore, time dilation occurred when the non-target stimuli were indistinguishable from the target stimuli. These results indicate that stimulus dissimilarity with spatiotemporal proximity induces time compression, whereas stimulus similarity with spatiotemporal proximity does not. These findings were discussed in relation to the neural readout model.
当一个短暂的非目标视觉刺激在目标刺激之前和之后出现时，目标视觉刺激的感知持续时间比其单独出现时要短。这种时间压缩需要目标刺激和非目标刺激在时空上接近，这是一种知觉分组规则。本研究考察了另一种分组规则——刺激（不）相似性——是否以及如何调节这种效应。在实验1中，只有当前后刺激（黑白棋盘格）与目标刺激（空心圆形或三角形）在时空上接近且不相似时，才会出现时间压缩。相反，当前或后刺激（实心圆形或三角形）与目标刺激相似时，时间压缩会减弱。实验2揭示了不同刺激之间的时间压缩，与目标刺激和非目标刺激的强度或显著性无关。实验3通过操纵目标刺激和非目标刺激之间的亮度相似性，重复了实验1的结果。此外，当非目标刺激与目标刺激无法区分时，会出现时间膨胀。这些结果表明，在时空接近的情况下，刺激不相似会导致时间压缩，而刺激相似则不会。这些发现结合神经读出模型进行了讨论。
