Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road 222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Apr;30(17):50471-50483. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-25810-2. Epub 2023 Feb 16.
Soil samples and native plants were collected from abandoned farmlands with a long history of sewage irrigation along Dongdagou stream, Baiyin City. We investigated the concentrations of heavy metal(loid)s (HMMs) in soil-plant system to evaluate the accumulation and transportation ability of HMMs in native plants. Results indicated that soils in study area were severely polluted by Cd, Pb, and As. With the exception of Cd, the correlation between total HMM concentrations in soil and plant tissues was poor. Among all investigated plants, no one was close to the criteria for the HMM concentrations of hyperaccumulators. The concentrations of HMMs in most plants were reached the phytotoxic level and the abandoned farmlands could not be used as forages, which showed that native plants may possess resistance capabilities or high tolerance for As, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn. The FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectrometer) results suggested that the detoxification of HMMs in plants may depend on the functional groups (-OH, C-H, C-O, and N-H) of some compounds. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF), bioconcentration factor (BCF), and biological transfer factor (BTF) were used to identify the accumulation and translocation characteristics of HMMs by native plants. S. glauca had the highest mean values of BTF for Cd (8.07) and Zn (4.75). C. virgata showed the highest mean BAFs for Cd (2.76) and Zn (9.43). P. harmala, A. tataricus, and A. anethifolia also presented high accumulation and translocation abilities for Cd and Zn. High HMMs (As, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn) accumulation in the aerial parts of plants may lead to increased accumulation of HMMs in the food chain; additional research is desperately required. This study demonstrated the HM enrichment characteristics of weeds and provided a basis for the management of abandoned farmlands.
从历史上长期受污水灌溉的白银东大沟废弃农田中采集土壤样本和乡土植物。我们调查了土壤-植物系统中重金属（loid）（HMM）的浓度，以评估 HMM 在乡土植物中的积累和迁移能力。结果表明，研究区土壤受到 Cd、Pb 和 As 的严重污染。除了 Cd 之外，土壤中总 HMM 浓度与植物组织之间的相关性较差。在所研究的所有植物中，没有一种植物接近 HMM 浓度超积累者的标准。大多数植物中 HMM 的浓度达到了植物毒性水平，废弃农田不能用作饲料，这表明乡土植物可能对 As、Cu、Cd、Pb 和 Zn 具有抗性或高耐受性。FTIR（傅里叶变换红外光谱仪）结果表明，植物中 HMM 的解毒可能依赖于某些化合物的官能团（-OH、C-H、C-O 和 N-H）。生物积累因子（BAF）、生物浓缩因子（BCF）和生物转移因子（BTF）用于识别乡土植物对 HMM 的积累和迁移特征。S. glauca 对 Cd（8.07）和 Zn（4.75）的平均 BTF 值最高。C. virgata 对 Cd（2.76）和 Zn（9.43）的平均 BAF 最高。P. harmala、A. tataricus 和 A. anethifolia 对 Cd 和 Zn 也具有较高的积累和迁移能力。植物地上部分对 HMM（As、Cu、Cd、Pb 和 Zn）的高积累可能导致食物链中 HMM 的积累增加；迫切需要进一步的研究。本研究表明了杂草对重金属的富集特性，为废弃农田的管理提供了依据。
