Zhu Shimin, Li Xiaomin, Wong Paul W C
Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Room GH348, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Mental Health Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Room GH348, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Psychiatry Res. 2023 Mar;321:115059. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115059. Epub 2023 Jan 27.
Suicide is the leading cause of death among young people worldwide. Few studies examined the factors of childhood suicidality and compared them with adolescent suicidality to meet their age-specific needs. We examined the similarities and differences in risk and protective factors of children and adolescent suicidality in Hong Kong. A school-based survey with 541 students in grades 4-6 and 3,061 students in grades 7-11 from 15 schools was conducted. We measured the demographic, familial, school, mental health, and psychological factors of suicidality. Hierarchical binary logistic regressions were performed to examine the association between correlates and child and youth suicidality, and the interaction effects of these factors and school-age groups. Approximately 17.51% and 7.84% of secondary school respondents and 15.76% and 8.17% of primary school respondents reported suicidal ideation and attempt, respectively. Common correlates for suicidal ideation were depression, bullying, loneliness, self-compassion, and growth mindset, while those for suicide attempt were depression and bullying. Secondary school respondents with higher life satisfaction reported less suicidal ideation, while primary school respondents with higher self-control reported fewer suicide attempts. In conclusion, we recommended recognizing the factors of suicidal ideation and attempt in children and adolescents to tailor preventive strategies in a culturally sensitive manner.
自杀是全球年轻人的主要死因。很少有研究探讨儿童自杀倾向的因素，并将其与青少年自杀倾向进行比较，以满足他们特定年龄段的需求。我们研究了香港儿童和青少年自杀倾向在风险和保护因素方面的异同。对来自15所学校的541名四至六年级学生和3061名七至十一年级学生进行了一项基于学校的调查。我们测量了自杀倾向的人口统计学、家庭、学校、心理健康和心理因素。进行了分层二元逻辑回归分析，以检验相关因素与儿童和青少年自杀倾向之间的关联，以及这些因素与学龄组之间的交互作用。分别有大约17.51%和7.84%的中学生以及15.76%和8.17%的小学生报告有自杀意念和自杀未遂行为。自杀意念的常见相关因素包括抑郁、欺凌、孤独、自我同情和成长型思维模式，而自杀未遂的相关因素则是抑郁和欺凌。生活满意度较高的中学生报告的自杀意念较少，而自我控制能力较强的小学生报告的自杀未遂行为较少。总之，我们建议认识到儿童和青少年自杀意念和自杀未遂的因素，以便以文化敏感的方式制定预防策略。
