Gralnick A
High Point Hospital, Port Chester, New York 10573.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1987 Autumn;33(3):218-25. doi: 10.1177/002076408703300306.
The programs of psychiatric hospitals illustrate the differences we have about the origins and treatment of mental illness. They reflect the conflicts which divide us into camps. Most hospitals today are biologically oriented and their programs are short-term in nature. They mainly understand mental illness to be physical in origin and emphasize the physical and physiologic in their treatment approach. Fewer hospitals are socially-oriented. This paper deals with the socially-oriented hospital. It briefly discusses their theoretical frameworks and touches upon significant contributions to the literature. Main attention is given to one particular type of such institution. Its structure is described as it is used to satisfy its patients' needs and to generate healthy behavior in them. The way it treats its patients and the use to which it puts its own value-system in the treatment process are outlined.
精神病医院的项目体现了我们在精神疾病的起源和治疗方面存在的差异。它们反映了将我们分成不同阵营的冲突。如今，大多数医院以生物学为导向，其项目本质上是短期的。它们主要将精神疾病理解为源于身体因素，并在治疗方法上强调身体和生理方面。社会导向型的医院较少。本文论述的是社会导向型医院。它简要讨论了其理论框架，并提及了对相关文献的重要贡献。主要关注的是这类机构中的一种特定类型。描述了它的结构，因为它被用来满足患者的需求并促使他们产生健康的行为。概述了它治疗患者的方式以及在治疗过程中对自身价值体系的运用。
