Tenforde T S, Kaune W T
Biology and Medicine Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
Health Phys. 1987 Dec;53(6):585-606. doi: 10.1097/00004032-198712000-00002.
The dosimetry and physical interaction mechanisms of electromagnetic fields with frequencies in the extremely low frequency (ELF) range (below 300 Hz) are described. The mechanisms through which ELF electric and magnetic fields induce electric currents in living organisms are summarized, with particular emphasis on humans. Topics that are discussed include: (1) sources and measurements of ELF electric and magnetic fields; (2) direct and indirect coupling of these fields to humans; (3) transient discharges and contact currents, and the thresholds for human response to these phenomena; (4) protective measures for the mitigation of potential ELF field effects on humans; and (5) mechanisms of interaction of ELF fields with cellular and tissue systems, with emphasis on field transduction mechanisms involving the cell membrane.
描述了频率在极低频（ELF）范围（低于300Hz）的电磁场的剂量学和物理相互作用机制。总结了极低频电场和磁场在生物体内感应电流的机制，尤其着重于人类。讨论的主题包括：（1）极低频电场和磁场的来源与测量；（2）这些场与人类的直接和间接耦合；（3）瞬态放电和接触电流，以及人类对这些现象的响应阈值；（4）减轻极低频场对人类潜在影响的保护措施；（5）极低频场与细胞和组织系统的相互作用机制，着重于涉及细胞膜的场转导机制。
