Donacho Dereje Oljira, Tucho Gudina Terefe, Soboksa Negasa Eshete, Faro Mekonnen Haile, Hailu Abebe Beyene
Departments of Environmental Health Science and Technology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Departments of Health Informatics, College of Health Science, Mattu University, Mattu, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Environ Health Insights. 2023 Feb 12;17:11786302231154421. doi: 10.1177/11786302231154421. eCollection 2023.
On-site sanitation is the most popular sanitation option for households in many African countries, including Ethiopia. Despite the option being common, there are challenges attributed to the sustainability of those facilities. This community-based exploratory study aimed to explore the challenges in the provision of safe urban on-site sanitation in Jimma town, Ethiopia. Data were collected through key informant semi-structured interviews, transit walks through the village, and focus group discussion (FGD). The FGD was audio recorded and notes were taken by experts. Records and notes were transcribed separately and thematically analyzed. Three major themes or challenges were discovered. Accordingly, the first theme was the community's perception and taboos surrounding human waste. The second theme was urban land use and informal settlements. Ensuring standards separately for sanitation facilities is difficult because of the expansion of illegal settlements. The third theme was poor sanitation planning, operation and maintenance, and institutional setting. Urbanization without infrastructure generally has a complex nature that leads to a fragile sanitation situation in the future. The results suggest the need for multi-dimensional system development and a collaborative sanitation master plan. Furthermore, interventions aimed at breaking the taboo on human waste as a sanitation platform may turn challenges into opportunities.
现场卫生设施是包括埃塞俄比亚在内的许多非洲国家家庭最常用的卫生设施选择。尽管这种选择很普遍，但这些设施的可持续性存在一些挑战。这项基于社区的探索性研究旨在探讨埃塞俄比亚吉马镇提供安全的城市现场卫生设施所面临的挑战。通过关键信息人半结构化访谈、村庄实地考察和焦点小组讨论（FGD）收集数据。焦点小组讨论进行了录音，专家做了笔记。记录和笔记分别转录并进行主题分析。发现了三个主要主题或挑战。因此，第一个主题是社区对人类排泄物的认知和禁忌。第二个主题是城市土地利用和非正式住区。由于非法住区的扩张，很难分别为卫生设施确保标准。第三个主题是卫生规划、运营和维护以及机构设置不完善。没有基础设施的城市化通常具有复杂的性质，这将导致未来脆弱的卫生状况。结果表明需要进行多维度系统开发和制定协作性卫生总体规划。此外，旨在打破将人类排泄物作为卫生平台的禁忌的干预措施可能会将挑战转化为机遇。
