Ohta M, Nagai Y, Hara H, Sasaki M
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
J Autism Dev Disord. 1987 Dec;17(4):549-63. doi: 10.1007/BF01486970.
A diagnostic questionnaire was used to study the abnormalities that parents first noticed, the ages at which parents first noticed these early symptoms, and the main problems the parents complained about in the first consultation. In this study, parents of 141 autistic children below the age of 12 were employed. Approximately 71% of the parents noticed abnormalities in their autistic children by the age of 2 1/2 years. Parents of older autistic children tended more often to report symptoms of mental retardation, ritualistic behavior, and self-injury. This study showed that the Japanese peak of abnormal social behavior, including autistic symptoms as reported by parents, was from the ages of 3 years to approximately 9 years, compared with the U.S. and European peak of 3 to 6 years.
使用一份诊断问卷来研究家长首次注意到的异常情况、家长首次注意到这些早期症状的年龄，以及家长在首次咨询时抱怨的主要问题。在本研究中，招募了141名12岁以下自闭症儿童的家长。约71%的家长在其自闭症孩子2岁半时就注意到了异常。年龄较大的自闭症儿童的家长更常报告智力迟钝、仪式化行为和自我伤害的症状。这项研究表明，与美国和欧洲3至6岁的峰值相比，日本家长报告的包括自闭症症状在内的异常社交行为的峰值出现在3岁至约9岁之间。
