College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, P.R. China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Water Res. 2023 Apr 15;233:119719. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119719. Epub 2023 Feb 7.
Organic pollutants removal from water is pressing owing to the great demand for clean water. Oxidation processes (OPs) are the commonly used method. However, the efficiency of most OPs is limited owing to the poor mass transfer process. Spatial confinement is a burgeoning way to solve this limitation by use of nanoreactor. Spatial confinement in OPs would (i) alter the transport characteristics of protons and charges; (ii) bring about molecular orientation and rearrangement; (iii) cause the dynamic redistribution of active sites in catalyst and reduce the entropic barrier that is high in unconfined space. So far, spatial confinement has been utilized for various OPs, such as Fenton, persulfate, and photocatalytic oxidation. A comprehensive summary and discussion on the fundamental mechanisms of spatial confinement mediated OPs is needed. Herein, the application, performance and mechanisms of spatial confinement mediated OPs are overviewed firstly. Subsequently, the features of spatial confinement and their effects on OPs are discussed in detail. Furthermore, environmental influences (including environmental pH, organic matter and inorganic ions) are studied with analyzing their intrinsic connection with the features of spatial confinement in OPs. Lastly, challenges and future development direction of spatial confinement mediated OPs are proposed.
由于对清洁水的巨大需求，从水中去除有机污染物迫在眉睫。氧化工艺（OPs）是常用的方法。然而，由于传质过程不佳，大多数 OPs 的效率有限。空间限制是通过使用纳米反应器来解决此限制的新兴方法。在 OPs 中进行空间限制会：（i）改变质子和电荷的传输特性；（ii）引起分子取向和重排；（iii）导致催化剂中活性位点的动态再分配，并降低在无约束空间中较高的熵垒。到目前为止，空间限制已被用于各种 OPs，例如芬顿、过硫酸盐和光催化氧化。需要对空间限制介导的 OPs 的基本机制进行全面的总结和讨论。在此，首先概述了空间限制介导的 OPs 的应用、性能和机制。随后，详细讨论了空间限制的特征及其对 OPs 的影响。此外，还通过分析它们与 OPs 中空间限制特征的内在联系，研究了环境影响（包括环境 pH 值、有机物和无机离子）。最后，提出了空间限制介导的 OPs 的挑战和未来发展方向。
