Wagga Base Hospital, NSW, Australia.
Wagga Base Hospital, NSW, Australia; Wagga Rural Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Australia.
J Infect Public Health. 2023 Apr;16(4):490-500. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.02.004. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare infection caused by the bacterial species actinomyces. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of pulmonary actinomycosis to improve awareness and knowledge. The literature was analysed using databases including Pubmed, Medline and Embase from 1974 to 2021. After inclusion and exclusion, a total of 142 papers were reviewed. Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare disease occurring in approximately 1 per 3,000,000 people annually. Historically, pulmonary actinomycosis was a common infection with high mortality; however, the infection has become rarer since the widespread use of penicillins. Actinomycosis is known as "the great masquerade"; however, it can be differentiated from other diseases with acid-fast negative ray-like bacilli and sulphur granules being pathognomonic. Complications of the infection include empyema, endocarditis, pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and sepsis. The mainstay of treatment is prolonged antibiotic therapy, with adjuvant surgery in severe cases. Future research should focus on multiple areas, including the potential risk secondary to immunosuppression from newer immunotherapies, the utility of newer diagnostic techniques and ongoing surveillance post-therapy.
肺放线菌病是一种罕见的感染，由放线菌属细菌引起。本文旨在对肺放线菌病进行全面综述，以提高认识和知识水平。使用 Pubmed、Medline 和 Embase 数据库对 1974 年至 2021 年的文献进行分析。经过纳入和排除标准，共回顾了 142 篇论文。肺放线菌病是一种罕见疾病，每年每 300 万人中约有 1 人发病。历史上，肺放线菌病是一种常见的高死亡率感染；然而，自从青霉素广泛使用以来，这种感染变得罕见了。放线菌病被称为“伟大的伪装者”；然而，通过抗酸阴性射线状杆菌和硫磺颗粒可以与其他疾病区分开来。感染的并发症包括脓胸、心内膜炎、心包炎、心包积液和败血症。治疗的主要方法是长期使用抗生素治疗，严重情况下辅助手术治疗。未来的研究应集中在多个领域，包括新型免疫疗法导致免疫抑制的潜在风险、新型诊断技术的应用以及治疗后的持续监测。
