School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction, 75 Albert St, Suite 500, Ottawa, ON, K1P 5E7, Canada.
Harm Reduct J. 2023 Feb 17;20(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12954-023-00753-6.
One of the objectives of cannabis legalization in Canada is to transition consumers from the illegal to the legal market. Little is known about how legal sourcing varies across different cannabis product types, provinces, and frequency of cannabis use.
Data were analyzed from Canadian respondents in the International Cannabis Policy Study, a repeat cross-sectional survey conducted annually from 2019 to 2021. Respondents were 15,311 past 12-month cannabis consumers of legal age to purchase cannabis. Weighted logistic regression models estimated the association between legal sourcing ("all"/ "some"/ "none") of ten cannabis product types, province, and frequency of cannabis use over time.
The percentage of consumers who sourced "all" their cannabis products from legal sources in the past 12 months varied by product type, ranging from 49% of solid concentrate consumers to 82% of cannabis drink consumers in 2021. The percentage of consumers sourcing "all" their respective products legally was greater in 2021 than 2020 across all products. Legal sourcing varied by frequency of use: weekly or more frequent consumers were more likely to source "some" (versus "none") of their products legally versus less frequent consumers. Legal sourcing also varied by province, with a lower likelihood of legal sourcing in Québec of products whose legal sale was restricted (e.g., edibles).
Legal sourcing increased over time, demonstrating progress in the transition to the legal market for all products in the first three years of legalization in Canada. Legal sourcing was highest for drinks and oils and lowest for solid concentrates and hash.
加拿大使大麻合法化的目标之一是让消费者从非法市场转向合法市场。对于不同类型的大麻产品、省份和大麻使用频率如何影响合法来源，人们知之甚少。
本研究对来自加拿大的国际大麻政策研究的受访者数据进行了分析，该研究是一项重复的横断面调查，于 2019 年至 2021 年每年进行一次。受访者为 15311 名过去 12 个月合法购买大麻的大麻消费者。加权逻辑回归模型估计了十种大麻产品类型、省份和大麻使用频率随时间变化与合法来源（“全部”/“部分”/“无”）之间的关联。
在过去 12 个月中，从合法渠道获取所有大麻产品的消费者比例因产品类型而异，从 2021 年固体浓缩物消费者的 49%到大麻饮料消费者的 82%不等。与 2020 年相比，2021 年所有产品的消费者从合法渠道获取“全部”产品的比例都有所增加。合法来源因使用频率而异：每周或更频繁使用大麻的消费者比不频繁使用大麻的消费者更有可能从合法渠道获取“部分”（而非“无”）产品。合法来源也因省份而异，在合法销售受到限制的产品（例如，食用品）方面，魁北克省的合法来源可能性较低。
随着时间的推移，合法来源有所增加，这表明在加拿大大麻合法化的头三年，所有产品向合法市场的过渡取得了进展。饮料和油类的合法来源最高，而固体浓缩物和哈希的合法来源最低。
