Grauso Laura, de Falco Bruna, Bochicchio Rocco, Scarpato Silvia, Addesso Rosangela, Lanzotti Virginia
Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, I-80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
Canarian Science and Technology Park Foundation, Spanish Bank of Algae, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214, Telde, Spain.
Phytochemistry. 2023 May;209:113611. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113611. Epub 2023 Feb 17.
Salvia hispanica L., commonly named Chia, is a food plant from Central America and Australia, producing seeds whose consumption has been increasing in the last decade. Several articles analysed the seeds metabolite content. However, few is known about Chia leaves. This work is the first report on the whole metabolite profile of chia leaves, determined by spectroscopic methods including NMR, GC-MS and LC-MS coupled with chemometrics analysis. Additionally, molecular networking has been applied to the LC-MS data to determine the flavonoid composition. Different chia sources were compared: one commercial (black) and three early flowering (G3, G8 and G17) mutant genotypes cultivated at two irrigation regimes (50 and 100%). Organic extracts were mainly composed by saturated and mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids with palmitic being the most abundant followed by oleic and linolenic acids. Aqueous extracts contained glucose, galactose, and fructose as main sugars. Flavonoids were based on vitexin and orientin and their analogues. Chemical composition of early flowering genotypes was quite similar to commercial black chia with the exception of G8 showing significant differences in the polar phase. A generally highest content of omega-9 fatty acids has been found in the early flowering genotypes along with high content of nutraceuticals suggesting them as a potential source of raw materials for the food/feed industry.
鼠尾草，通常称为奇亚籽，是一种来自中美洲和澳大利亚的食用植物，其种子的消费量在过去十年中一直在增加。几篇文章分析了种子的代谢物含量。然而，关于奇亚叶的了解却很少。这项工作是关于奇亚叶整体代谢物谱的首次报告，通过包括核磁共振（NMR）、气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）和液相色谱 - 质谱联用（LC - MS）以及化学计量学分析的光谱方法来确定。此外，分子网络已应用于LC - MS数据以确定黄酮类化合物的组成。比较了不同的奇亚来源：一种商业品种（黑色）和三种在两种灌溉水平（50%和100%）下种植的早花（G3、G8和G17）突变基因型。有机提取物主要由饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸组成，其中棕榈酸含量最高，其次是油酸和亚麻酸。水提取物含有葡萄糖、半乳糖和果糖作为主要糖类。黄酮类化合物以牡荆素和异牡荆素及其类似物为基础。早花基因型的化学成分与商业黑色奇亚籽非常相似，但G8在极性相方面存在显著差异。在早花基因型中普遍发现ω - 9脂肪酸含量最高，同时营养保健品含量也很高，这表明它们是食品/饲料行业潜在的原材料来源。
