Anzano Attilio, Grauso Laura, de Falco Bruna, Lanzotti Virginia
Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, I-80055 Portici, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2025 May 31;14(11):1685. doi: 10.3390/plants14111685.
The chemical composition of leaves was investigated by using liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS). Five samples were collected across diverse geographical origins and cultivation practices: PO (Botanical Garden of Portici, Italy), CAN (Gran Canaria, Canary Islands), CA, E, and MM (Marine Reserve of Torre Guaceto, Brindisi, Italy). Analysis of hydroalcoholic organic extracts revealed 77 organic compounds, including ubiquitous primary metabolites (i.e., sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids) and natural products (i.e., phenols and aromatics, terpenes, and anthraquinones). Principal component analysis (PCA) on the raw dataset indicated a clear separation of samples depending on their geographical origins. PO samples showed high amounts of citric acid, the anthraquinone aloe-emodin, and the alkaloids tropine and tropinone. CAN samples showed high content of malic, citramalic, citraconic, erucic, and 3-dehydroquinic acids. CAN and PO samples contained high amounts of jasmonic, quinic, and 4-methoxycinnamic acids along with aloesin, tyramine, coumarin, and saponarin. Among the Brindisi samples, MM contained high amounts of limonene and α-linolenic acid. CA, E, and MM samples presented high amounts of eritrose-4-phosphate, glucose-1-phosphate, and fructosyl valine along with ginsenoside, proline, and ascorbic acid. These findings indicate that geographical origins and cultivation practices affect to different extents the metabolite profile of plants.
采用液相色谱-高分辨率串联质谱法（LC-HRMS/MS）对叶片的化学成分进行了研究。在不同地理来源和种植方式下收集了五个样本：PO（意大利波蒂奇植物园）、CAN（加那利群岛大加那利岛）、CA、E和MM（意大利布林迪西托雷瓜切托海洋保护区）。对水醇有机提取物的分析揭示了77种有机化合物，包括普遍存在的初级代谢产物（即糖、氨基酸和脂肪酸）和天然产物（即酚类和芳香族化合物、萜类和蒽醌类）。对原始数据集进行主成分分析（PCA）表明，样本根据其地理来源有明显的区分。PO样本显示出大量的柠檬酸、蒽醌芦荟大黄素以及生物碱托品和托品酮。CAN样本显示出苹果酸、柠苹酸、柠康酸、芥酸和3-脱氢奎尼酸的含量较高。CAN和PO样本含有大量的茉莉酸、奎尼酸和4-甲氧基肉桂酸以及芦荟素、酪胺、香豆素和皂草苷。在布林迪西的样本中，MM含有大量的柠檬烯和α-亚麻酸。CA、E和MM样本含有大量的4-磷酸赤藓糖、1-磷酸葡萄糖和果糖基缬氨酸以及人参皂苷、脯氨酸和抗坏血酸。这些发现表明，地理来源和种植方式在不同程度上影响植物的代谢产物谱。
