Gao Ruichuan, Ma Bin, Hu Min, Fang Liping, Chen Guanhong, Zhang Wenqiang, Wang Yiling, Song Xinwei, Li Fangbai
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 May 10;872:162289. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162289. Epub 2023 Feb 15.
This work revealed the profile of viral communities in paddy soils with different levels of arsenic (As) contamination during the flooded period. The structure of viral communities differed significantly in highly and moderately As-contaminated soils. The diversity of soil viral communities under high As contamination decreased. Siphoviridae, Podoviridae, Myoviridae, and Microviridae were the dominant viral families in all samples, and the relative abundances of five of the top 20 viral genera were significantly different between highly and moderately As-contaminated groups. Seventeen dissimilatory As(V)-reducing bacteria were predicted to host 161 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs), mainly affiliated with the genera of Sulfurospirillum, Deferribacter, Bacillus and Fusibacter. Among them, 28 vOTUs were also associated with Fe(III)-reducing bacteria, which belonged to different species of the genus Shewanella. Procrustes analysis showed that the community structure of soil viruses was strongly correlated with both prokaryotic community structure and geochemical properties. Random forest analyses revealed that the Total-Fe, DCB-Fe and oxalate-Fe were the most significant variables on viral community richness, while the total-As concentration was an important factor on the Shannon index. Furthermore, As resistance genes (ArsC, ArsR and ArsD), As methylation genes (arsM) and As transporter genes (Pst and Pit) were identified among the auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) of the virome. This work revealed that the viruses might influence microbial adaptation in response to As-induced stress, and provided a perspective on the potential virus-mediated biogeochemical cycling of As.
这项研究揭示了淹水期不同砷（As）污染水平的稻田土壤中病毒群落的概况。在高砷和中度砷污染的土壤中，病毒群落结构存在显著差异。高砷污染下土壤病毒群落的多样性降低。肌尾噬菌体科、短尾噬菌体科、长尾噬菌体科和微小噬菌体科是所有样本中的优势病毒科，在高砷污染组和中度砷污染组之间，前20个病毒属中有5个的相对丰度存在显著差异。预计17种异化砷（V）还原细菌宿主161个病毒操作分类单元（vOTU），主要隶属于硫还原螺旋菌属、脱铁杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属和梭杆菌属。其中，28个vOTU也与铁（III）还原细菌有关，这些细菌属于希瓦氏菌属的不同物种。Procrustes分析表明，土壤病毒的群落结构与原核生物群落结构和地球化学性质都密切相关。随机森林分析显示，全铁、DCB铁和草酸铁是影响病毒群落丰富度的最显著变量，而总砷浓度是影响香农指数的重要因素。此外，在病毒宏基因组的辅助代谢基因（AMG）中鉴定出了砷抗性基因（ArsC、ArsR和ArsD）、砷甲基化基因（arsM）和砷转运基因（Pst和Pit）。这项研究表明，病毒可能影响微生物对砷诱导胁迫的适应性，并为潜在的病毒介导的砷生物地球化学循环提供了一个视角。
