饮食和代谢对苯丙酮尿症患者口腔状况的影响：一项基于全国的横断面研究。

Dietary and metabolic effects on the oral status of patients with phenylketonuria: a nation-based cross-sectional study.

机构信息

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Institute for Oral Health Sciences, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany.

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental School/Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Freiburgstr. 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.

出版信息

Clin Oral Investig. 2023 May;27(5):1981-1991. doi: 10.1007/s00784-022-04827-w. Epub 2023 Feb 20.

DOI:10.1007/s00784-022-04827-w

PMID:36805804

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9939867/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of oral diseases (caries, periodontal disease, enamel defects) between patients with phenylketonuria (PKU), their siblings, and a matched control group.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 109 patients with PKU, 14 siblings of PKU patients, and 100 healthy individuals aged 6 to 68 years were recruited. All participants completed a questionnaire based on their health status. The patients' decayed/missing/filled teeth index (dmft/DMFT), gingival bleeding index (GBI), plaque control record (PCR), periodontal screening and recording index (PSR), and developmental enamel defects index (DDE) were recorded. Descriptive statistics and regression modeling were used to examine potential associations between the exposure and the outcomes of interest.

RESULTS

Patients with PKU had 1.6 times more caries (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22 to 2.20; p = 0.001), seven times more enamel defects (95% CI 3.94 to 14.21; p < 0.001), and four times higher PSR values (95% CI 2.26 to 7.15; p < 0.001) than the control group. The siblings had significantly fewer enamel defects but no significant differences in caries and periodontal parameters compared to the PKU patients.

CONCLUSIONS

The results showed a higher risk for the development of caries, periodontitis, and enamel defects in PKU patients.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Implementation of preventive measures and regular dental care is necessary for patients with PKU.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在比较苯丙酮尿症（PKU）患者、其兄弟姐妹与匹配对照组之间口腔疾病（龋齿、牙周病、牙釉质缺陷）的患病率。

材料和方法

共招募了 109 名 PKU 患者、14 名 PKU 患者的兄弟姐妹和 100 名健康个体（年龄 6 至 68 岁）。所有参与者根据自身健康状况完成了一份问卷。记录了患者的龋齿/缺失/补牙指数（dmft/DMFT）、牙龈出血指数（GBI）、菌斑控制记录（PCR）、牙周筛查和记录指数（PSR）和发育性牙釉质缺陷指数（DDE）。采用描述性统计和回归建模来检查暴露与感兴趣结局之间的潜在关联。

结果

PKU 患者的龋齿患病率高 1.6 倍（95%置信区间 1.22 至 2.20；p=0.001），牙釉质缺陷患病率高 7 倍（95%置信区间 3.94 至 14.21；p<0.001），PSR 值高 4 倍（95%置信区间 2.26 至 7.15；p<0.001），与对照组相比。与 PKU 患者相比，兄弟姐妹的牙釉质缺陷明显较少，但龋齿和牙周参数无显著差异。