Ballikaya Elif, Yildiz Yilmaz, Sivri Hatice Serap, Tokatli Aysegul, Dursun Ali, Olmez Seval, Coskun Turgay, Uzamis Tekcicek Meryem
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Section of Pediatric Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Mar 26;33(3):361-365. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0439.
Background Diet plays an integral role in the maintenance of oral health, but dietary modifications due to medical problems such as phenylketonuria (PKU) can have adverse effects on oral health. This descriptive study was performed to evaluate the oral health status of children with PKU. Methods One hundred and ninety-seven patients with PKU aged between 1 and 22 years were evaluated. Clinical evaluations were performed by one experienced dentist regarding dental caries, gingival health and dental erosion. Categorical variables were assessed with descriptive statistics. Differences in feeding frequencies and sociodemographic characteristics were compared regarding dental caries using chi-square (χ2) tests. Results One hundred and thirty-two patients (67%) had dental caries. The mean plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) values were 1.37 ± 0.58 and 1.40 ± 0.64, respectively, which shows moderate plaque accumulation and moderate gingival inflammation. Of the patients, 85.3% did not brush their teeth regularly and 90.4% had never visited a dentist before. No statistically significant differences were found in dental caries according to feeding frequencies (p = 0.448). Conclusions Despite the high prevalence of caries in patients with PKU, most had never seen a dentist. Physicians must encourage patients with PKU and their parents to have regular dental visits to maintain an optimal general and oral health.
背景 饮食在维持口腔健康中起着不可或缺的作用，但由于苯丙酮尿症（PKU）等医学问题而进行的饮食调整可能会对口腔健康产生不利影响。本描述性研究旨在评估苯丙酮尿症患儿的口腔健康状况。方法 对197例年龄在1至22岁之间的苯丙酮尿症患者进行了评估。由一位经验丰富的牙医对龋齿、牙龈健康和牙齿侵蚀情况进行临床评估。分类变量采用描述性统计进行评估。使用卡方（χ2）检验比较龋齿患者在进食频率和社会人口学特征方面的差异。结果 132例患者（67%）患有龋齿。平均菌斑指数（PI）和牙龈指数（GI）值分别为1.37±0.58和1.40±0.64，表明菌斑积聚程度中等，牙龈炎症程度中等。在这些患者中，85.3%的人不经常刷牙，90.4%的人以前从未看过牙医。根据进食频率，龋齿情况未发现统计学上的显著差异（p = 0.448）。结论 尽管苯丙酮尿症患者龋齿患病率很高，但大多数人从未看过牙医。医生必须鼓励苯丙酮尿症患者及其家长定期进行牙科检查，以保持最佳的全身和口腔健康。
