Nano Si-Doped Ruthenium Oxide Particles from Caged Precursors for High-Performance Acidic Oxygen Evolution.

RuO is well known as the benchmark acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst, but its practical application has been impeded by its limited durability. Herein, it is presented that the stability of ruthenium oxide can be significantly improved by pretrapping RuCl precursors within a cage compound possessing 72 aromatic rings, which leads to well carbon-coated RuO particles (Si-RuO @C) after calcination. The catalyst survives in 0.5 M H SO for an unprecedented period of 100 hours at 10 mA cm with minimal overpotential change during OER. In contrast, RuO prepared from similar non-tied compounds doesn't exhibit such catalytic activity, highlighting the importance of the preorganization of Ru precursors within the cage prior to calcination. In addition, the overpotential at 10 mA cm in acid solution is only 220 mV, much less than that of commercial RuO . X-ray absorption fine structure (FT-EXAFS) reveals the Si doping through unusual Ru-Si bond, and density functional theory (DFT) calculation reveals the importance of the Ru-Si bond in enhancing both the activity and stability of the catalyst.