Effects of Propofol Combined with Sufentanil Target-Controlled Intravenous Anesthesia on Expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 Genes in Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats with Cerebral Hemorrhage: a Prospective Case-Controlled Study.

It is a well-known fact that general anesthesia leads to cerebral hemorrhage in patients with spontaneous hypertension apart of the fact that the hypertension is under control. The literature is already flooded with this debate, and still, there appears a lag regarding the effects of high blood pressure on pathological changes in the brain after cerebral hemorrhage. They are still not well recognized. Furthermore, it is the stage of anesthesia resuscitation which is known to have adverse effects on the body during cerebral hemorrhage. Owing to the lag of knowledge in the above said facts, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of propofol combined with sufentanil on the expression of Bax, BCL-2, and caspase-3 genes in spontaneously hypertensive rats suffering with cerebral hemorrhage. The initial sample consisted of 54 male Wrister rats. All were of the age of 7 to 8 months with a weight of 500 ± 100 gm. All the rats were evaluated by the investigators before enrolment. A total of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine followed by a 10 mg/kg intravenous injection of propofol was introduced to each included rat. It was followed by a total of 1 μG/kg/h of sufentanil which was administered to rats who had cerebral hemorrhage (n = 27). The rest 27 normal rats were not administered with sufentanil. Hemodynamic parameters, biochemistry, western blot assay, and immunohistochemical staining were performed. The results were statistically analyzed. Heart rate (p < 0.0001) was higher for rats who had a cerebral hemorrhage. The cytokine levels of rats who had cerebral hemorrhage were higher than those of normal rats (p < 0.01 for all). Bacl-2 (p < 0.01), bax (p < 0.01), and caspase-3 (p < 0.01) expressions were reported to be disturbed in rats who had cerebral hemorrhage. Urine volume was reduced in rats who had cerebral hemorrhage (p < 0.01). It was concluded that in spontaneously hypertensive rats with cerebral hemorrhage, propofol combined with sufentanil target-controlled intravenous anesthesia increased hemodynamic parameters and cytokine levels. Furthermore, cerebral hemorrhage disturbs the expression of bacl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 expressions.