Tian Meng-Bo, Ma Wan-Hui, Xia Nong-Yu, Peng Jing, Hu Rui-Qi, Duan Chang-Qing, He Fei
Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
Food Chem. 2023 Jul 15;414:135659. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135659. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
Abundant gravel in vineyards bothers growers. To investigate the gravel covering inner-row effect on grapes and wines, a two-year experiment was carried out. Regional climate and vine microclimate were collected, the flavoromics of grapes and wines were determined by HPLC-MS and HS/SPME-GC-MS. Gravel covering reduced the soil moisture. Light-colored gravel covering (LGC) enhanced the reflected light by 7-16% and cluster-zone temperature by up to 2.5 °C. Dark-colored gravel covering (DGC) absorbed 13% of the solar radiation and cooled the cluster-zones. DGC promoted the accumulation of 3'4'5'-hydroxylated anthocyanins and C/C compounds in grapes, while grapes of LGC were accompanied by higher flavonols. The phenolic profiles of grapes and wines among treatments were consistent. The overall aroma of grapes from LGC was lower, while DGC helped to weaken the negative effects of rapid ripening in warm vintages. Our results revealed the gravel regulate grape and wine quality through soil and cluster microclimate.
葡萄园中的大量砾石困扰着种植者。为了研究葡萄园内行间覆盖砾石对葡萄和葡萄酒的影响，进行了为期两年的试验。收集了区域气候和葡萄藤微气候，通过高效液相色谱-质谱联用仪（HPLC-MS）和顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用仪（HS/SPME-GC-MS）测定了葡萄和葡萄酒的风味组学。覆盖砾石降低了土壤湿度。浅色砾石覆盖（LGC）使反射光增强了7%-16%，使果穗区温度升高了2.5℃。深色砾石覆盖（DGC）吸收了13%的太阳辐射并冷却了果穗区。DGC促进了葡萄中3'4'5'-羟基化花青素和C/C化合物的积累，而LGC的葡萄则含有较高的黄酮醇。各处理间葡萄和葡萄酒的酚类物质特征一致。LGC的葡萄总体香气较低，而DGC有助于减弱温暖年份快速成熟的负面影响。我们的结果表明，砾石通过土壤和果穗微气候调节葡萄和葡萄酒的品质。
