Ma Yan, Wang Youqi, Zhang Yuhan, Zhang Ruiyuan, Yuan Cheng, Ma Chengfeng, Bai Yiru
Breeding Base for State Key Lab of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwestern China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
School of Geography and Planning, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 16;14(1):16426. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-60364-4.
The investigation into the impact of gravel on water infiltration process and hydraulic parameters in stony soil could offer a theoretical basis to enhance water availability in rocky mountain area. A one-dimensional vertical infiltration experiment was used in this study. Six groups of gravel content of 0% (CK), 10% (W1), 20% (W2), 30% (W3), 40% (W4) and 50% (W5) were established to explore the changes in the wetting front, cumulative infiltration volume and infiltration rate. Then the accuracy of four infiltration models in simulating soil water infiltration processes was evaluated. Finally, Hydrus-1D was used to perform numerical inversion of the soil water content after infiltration. The findings revealed that: (1) When the infiltration time reached 300 min, the wetting front of the W1 W2 W3, W4 and W5 treatments was 11.00%, 17.00%, 32.25%, 38.75% and 54.50% lower than CK, the cumulative infiltration volume was 29.80%, 38.97%, 45.62%, 54.74% and 73.17% lower than CK, and the stable infiltration rate was 50.98%, 52.94%, 66.67%, 68.63% and 86.27% lower than CK. (2) The soil-water infiltration processes were accurately described by the Horton model, the coefficient of determination (R) > 0.935. (3) The simulation results of Hydrus-1D showed that with the increase of gravel content, the values of the retention water content (θ), saturated water content (θ), shape coefficient (n) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (K) were decreased, the values of the reciprocal of air-entry (α) were increased. The value of R was more than 0.894, the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) were less than 2%, which demonstrated that the Hydrus-1D model exhibited superior capability in simulating the changes of water content in stony soil in rocky mountain area. The findings of this study demonstrated that gravel could decrease the water infiltration process and affect the water availability. It could provide data support for the water movement process of stony soil and rational utilization of limited water resources in mountainous area.
研究砾石对石质土壤水分入渗过程及水力参数的影响，可为提高山区水资源可利用性提供理论依据。本研究采用一维垂直入渗试验。设置了砾石含量分别为0%（CK）、10%（W1）、20%（W2）、30%（W3）、40%（W4）和50%（W5）的六组试验，以探究湿润锋、累积入渗量和入渗率的变化。然后评估了四种入渗模型模拟土壤水分入渗过程的准确性。最后利用Hydrus - 1D对入渗后土水含量进行数值反演。研究结果表明：（1）入渗时间达到300 min时，W1、W2、W3、W4和W5处理的湿润锋分别比CK低11.00%、17.00%、32.25%、38.75%和54.50%，累积入渗量分别比CK低29.80%、38.97%、45.62%、54.74%和73.17%，稳定入渗率分别比CK低50.98%、52.94%、66.67%、68.63%和86.27%。（2）Horton模型能准确描述土壤水分入渗过程，决定系数（R）>0.935。（3）Hydrus - 1D模拟结果表明，随着砾石含量增加，土壤持水率（θ）、饱和含水量（θ）、形状系数（n）和饱和导水率（K）值减小，进气值倒数（α）值增大。R值大于0.894，均方根误差（RMSE）和平均绝对误差（MAE）小于2%，表明Hydrus - 1D模型在模拟山区石质土壤水分含量变化方面具有优越性能。本研究结果表明，砾石会降低水分入渗过程并影响水资源可利用性。可为石质土壤水分运移过程及山区有限水资源合理利用提供数据支持。
