Woolworths Centre for Childhood Nutrition Research, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.
Matern Child Nutr. 2023 Apr;19(2):e13484. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13484. Epub 2023 Feb 19.
Obesity prevention interventions have been designed to promote responsive feeding in early childhood. However, existing interventions primarily target first-time mothers without considering the complexities of feeding multiple children within a family unit. By applying principles of Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT), this study aimed to explore how mealtimes are enacted in families with more than one child. A mixed-methods study was conducted with parent-sibling triads (n = 18 families) in South East Queensland, Australia. Data included direct mealtime observations, semistructured interviews, field notes, and memos. Data were analysed using open and focused coding, during which constant comparative analysis was applied. The sample comprised of two-parent families with children ranging in age from 12 to 70 months (median sibling age difference = 24 months). A conceptual model was developed to map sibling-related processes integral to the enactment of mealtimes in families. Notably, this model captured feeding practices used by siblings, such as pressure to eat and overt restriction, that previously had only been described in parents. It also documented feeding practices used by parents that may occur only in the presence of a sibling, such as leveraging sibling competitiveness and rewarding a child to vicariously condition their sibling's behaviour. The conceptual model demonstrates complexities in feeding that give shape to the overall family food environment. Findings from this study can inform the design of early feeding interventions that support parents to remain responsive, particularly when their perceptions and expectations of siblings differ.
肥胖预防干预措施旨在促进幼儿的响应喂养。然而，现有的干预措施主要针对初次当母亲的人，而没有考虑到家庭中喂养多个孩子的复杂性。本研究应用建构主义扎根理论（CGT）的原则，旨在探索在有多个孩子的家庭中如何进行用餐。这是一项在澳大利亚昆士兰州东南部进行的混合方法研究，涉及父母-兄弟姐妹三人组（n=18 个家庭）。数据包括直接用餐观察、半结构化访谈、现场记录和备忘录。使用开放式和聚焦式编码分析数据，在此过程中应用了恒比分析。样本由有两个孩子的父母组成，年龄从 12 到 70 个月不等（中位数兄弟姐妹年龄差异=24 个月）。开发了一个概念模型来映射与家庭用餐实施相关的兄弟姐妹相关过程。值得注意的是，该模型捕捉到了兄弟姐妹使用的喂养实践，例如进食压力和明显的限制，这些实践以前只在父母中描述过。它还记录了父母在有兄弟姐妹在场时可能使用的喂养实践，例如利用兄弟姐妹之间的竞争和奖励一个孩子来间接地调节他们兄弟姐妹的行为。该概念模型展示了喂养的复杂性，这些复杂性构成了整体家庭饮食环境的形状。本研究的结果可以为早期喂养干预措施的设计提供信息，特别是当父母对兄弟姐妹的看法和期望不同时，这些干预措施可以支持父母保持响应性。
