Zhang Meili, Yang Nan, Dehghan-Manshadi Ali, Venezuela Jeffrey, Bermingham Michael J, Dargusch Matthew S
School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2023 Mar 13;9(3):1261-1273. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01228. Epub 2023 Feb 21.
As a representative of the biodegradable iron (Fe)-manganese (Mn) alloys, Fe35Mn has been investigated as a promising biodegradable metal biomaterial for orthopedic applications. However, its slow degradation rate, though better than pure Fe, and poor bioactivity are concerns that retard its clinical applications. Akermanite (CaMgSiO, Ake) is a silicate-based bioceramic, showing desirable degradability and bioactivity for bone repair. In the present work, Fe35Mn/Ake composites were prepared via a powder metallurgy route. The effect of different contents of Ake (0, 10, 30, 50 vol %) on the microstructure, mechanical properties, degradation, and biocompatibility of the composites was investigated. The ceramic phases were found to be evenly distributed in the metal matrix. The Ake reacted with Fe35Mn and generated CaFeSiO during sintering. The addition of Ake increased the relative density of pure Fe35Mn from ∼90 to ∼94-97%. The compressive yield strength (CYS) and elastic modulus () increased with increasing Ake, with Fe35Mn/50Ake exhibiting the highest CYS of ∼403 MPa and of ∼18 GPa. However, the ductility decreased at higher Ake concentrations (30 and 50%). Microhardness also showed an increasing trend with the addition of Ake. Electrochemical measurements indicated that higher concentrations of Ake (30 and 50%) could potentially increase the corrosion rate of Fe35Mn from ∼0.25 to ∼0.39 mm/year. However, all of the compositions tested did not show measurable weight loss after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 4 weeks, attributed to the use of prealloyed raw material, high sintered density of the fabricated composites, and the formation of a dense Ca-, P-, and O-rich layer on the surface. Human osteoblasts on Fe35Mn/Ake composites showed increasing viability with increasing Ake content, indicating improved in vitro biocompatibility. These preliminary results suggest that Fe35Mn/Ake can be a potential material for biodegradable bone implant applications, particularly Fe35Mn/30Ake, if the slow corrosion of the composite can be addressed.
作为可生物降解铁（Fe）-锰（Mn）合金的代表，Fe35Mn已被研究作为一种有前景的可生物降解金属生物材料用于骨科应用。然而，其降解速率较慢（尽管比纯铁要好）以及生物活性较差是阻碍其临床应用的问题。钙镁黄长石（CaMgSiO，Ake）是一种基于硅酸盐的生物陶瓷，在骨修复方面表现出理想的降解性和生物活性。在本工作中，通过粉末冶金路线制备了Fe35Mn/Ake复合材料。研究了不同含量的Ake（0、10、30、50体积%）对复合材料的微观结构、力学性能、降解和生物相容性的影响。发现陶瓷相均匀分布在金属基体中。Ake在烧结过程中与Fe35Mn反应并生成CaFeSiO。添加Ake使纯Fe35Mn的相对密度从约90%提高到约94%-97%。抗压屈服强度（CYS）和弹性模量（）随Ake含量的增加而增加，Fe35Mn/50Ake表现出最高的CYS，约为403MPa，弹性模量约为18GPa。然而，在较高的Ake浓度（30%和50%）下延展性下降。显微硬度也随着Ake的添加呈上升趋势。电化学测量表明，较高浓度的Ake（30%和50%）可能会使Fe35Mn的腐蚀速率从约0.25mm/年提高到约0.39mm/年。然而，所有测试的成分在模拟体液（SBF）中浸泡4周后均未显示出可测量的重量损失，这归因于使用了预合金化原料、所制备复合材料的高烧结密度以及在表面形成了致密的富含Ca、P和O的层。在Fe35Mn/Ake复合材料上培养的人成骨细胞随着Ake含量的增加活力增强，表明体外生物相容性得到改善。这些初步结果表明，如果能解决复合材料的缓慢腐蚀问题，Fe35Mn/Ake可以成为一种用于可生物降解骨植入应用的潜在材料，特别是Fe35Mn/30Ake。
