Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Division of Neonatology, Mother and Child Department, G.Salesi Children's Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Acta Paediatr. 2023 May;112(5):984-992. doi: 10.1111/apa.16720. Epub 2023 Mar 5.
It is still unclear if the magnitude of early postnatal weight loss (PWL) could be associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. We studied the association between PWL and neurodevelopment at 2-year corrected age in preterm infants.
We retrospectively reviewed data of preterm infants with a gestational age between 24 + 0 and 31 + 6 weeks/days, admitted at the G.Salesi Children's Hospital, Ancona, Italy, between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2019. Infants with PWL greater than or equal to 10% (PWL ≥ 10%) were compared with those with PWL of less than 10% (PWL < 10%). A matched cohort analysis was also performed using gestational age and birth weight as matching variables.
We analysed 812 infants: 471 (58%) PWL ≥ 10% and 341 (42%) PWL < 10%. A subgroup of 247 PWL ≥ 10% was closely match-paired with 247 PWL < 10% infants. There were no differences in amino acid and energy intakes from birth to day 14 of life and from birth to 36 weeks. Although at 36 weeks, body weight and total length were lower in PWL ≥ 10% than PWL < 10%, anthropometry and neurodevelopment at 2 years were similar between groups.
Given similar amino acid and energy intakes on PWL ≥ 10% and PWL < 10% preterm infants of less than 32 + 0 weeks/days, PWL does not affect 2-year neurodevelopment.
早产儿生后早期体重下降（PWL）的幅度是否与神经发育结局有关仍不清楚。我们研究了早产儿在 2 岁校正年龄时 PWL 与神经发育的关系。
我们回顾性分析了 2006 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间在意大利安科纳 G.萨莱西儿童医院住院的胎龄 24+0 至 31+6 周/天的早产儿的数据。将 PWL 大于或等于 10%（PWL≥10%）的婴儿与 PWL 小于 10%（PWL＜10%）的婴儿进行比较。还使用胎龄和出生体重作为匹配变量进行了匹配队列分析。
我们分析了 812 名婴儿：471 名（58%）PWL≥10%，341 名（42%）PWL＜10%。PWL≥10%的 247 名婴儿与 PWL＜10%的 247 名婴儿进行了密切匹配。从出生到第 14 天和从出生到 36 周，氨基酸和能量的摄入量没有差异。尽管在 36 周时，PWL≥10%的婴儿体重和总长度低于 PWL＜10%的婴儿，但两组在 2 岁时的人体测量和神经发育情况相似。
对于小于 32+0 周的早产儿，在 PWL≥10%和 PWL＜10%的婴儿中，氨基酸和能量的摄入量相似，PWL 不会影响 2 岁的神经发育。
