Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Yi Chang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China.
71282 Army Health Company, Baoding, Hebei, China.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 Feb 21;23(1):122. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05393-z.
Self-efficacy, one's ability to deal with pain, disability, and other symptoms through self-management techniques, positively affect the quality of life in patients with chronic diseases. Pregnancy-related back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder pre- and postnatally. Hence, the study aimed to determine whether self-efficacy is associated with the development of back pain during pregnancy.
Between February 2020 and February 2021, a prospective case-control study was performed. Women with back pain were included. The self efficacy was assessed by the Chinese version of the General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES). Pregnancy-related back pain was measured using a self-reported scale. No regression from pregnancy-related back pain is defined as a recurrent or persistent pain score ≥ 3 over a week around 6 months postpartum. Women experiencing back pain during pregnancy are classified according to whether having a regression. This problem can be divided into pregnancy-related low back pain (LBP) and posterior girdle pain (PGP). The differences in variables were compared between groups.
A total of 112 subjects have completed the study finally. These patients were followed up with an average of 7.2 months after childbirth ranging from six to 8 months. 31 subjects (27.7%) of the included women did not report regression 6 months postpartum. The mean self efficacy was 25.2 (SD:10.6). Patients with no regression tended to be older (LBP:25.9 ± 7.2 vs.31.8 ± 7.9, P = 0.023; PGP: 27.2 ± 7.9 vs. 35.9 ± 11.6, P < 0.001*), have a lower self efficacy (LBP:24.2 ± 6.6 vs.17.7 ± 7.1, P = 0.007; PGP: 27.6 ± 6.8 vs. 22.5 ± 7.0, P = 0.010), and need high daily physical demand in their vocations (LBP:17.4% vs. 60.0%, P = 0.019; PGP: 10.3% vs. 43.8%, P = 0.006) when compared to those with regression. Multivariate logistic analysis shows that risk factors for no regression from pregnancy-related back pain included LBP (OR = 2.36, 95%CI = 1.67-5.52, P < 0.001), pain ratings of the onset of back pain during pregnancy≥3(OR = 2.23, 95%CI = 1.56-6.24, P = 0.004), low self efficacy (OR = 2.19, 95%CI = 1.47-6.01, P < 0.001), and high daily physical demand in their vocations (OR = 2.01, 95%CI = 1.25-6.87, P = 0.001).
Low self efficacy makes the women experience about two-fold risk to experience no regression from pregnancy-related back pain. Evaluation for self efficacy is simple enough to be used to improve perinatal health.
自我效能感是指个体通过自我管理技术应对疼痛、残疾和其他症状的能力，它积极影响慢性病患者的生活质量。与妊娠相关的背痛是产前和产后常见的肌肉骨骼疾病。因此，本研究旨在确定自我效能感是否与妊娠期间背痛的发展有关。
在 2020 年 2 月至 2021 年 2 月期间，进行了一项前瞻性病例对照研究。纳入有背痛的女性。自我效能感通过中文版一般自我效能量表（GSES）进行评估。妊娠相关背痛采用自我报告量表进行测量。无回归是指产后 6 个月左右每周持续疼痛评分≥3 超过一周。根据是否有回归将经历背痛的孕妇分为两组。该问题可分为妊娠相关性下腰痛（LBP）和后腰带痛（PGP）。组间比较变量差异。
共有 112 名患者最终完成了研究。这些患者在产后平均随访 7.2 个月，范围为 6 至 8 个月。112 名纳入女性中有 31 名（27.7%）在产后 6 个月时未报告回归。平均自我效能感为 25.2（SD：10.6）。无回归的患者往往年龄较大（LBP：25.9±7.2 与 31.8±7.9，P=0.023；PGP：27.2±7.9 与 35.9±11.6，P<0.001*），自我效能感较低（LBP：24.2±6.6 与 17.7±7.1，P=0.007；PGP：27.6±6.8 与 22.5±7.0，P=0.010），职业日常体力需求较高（LBP：17.4%与 60.0%，P=0.019；PGP：10.3%与 43.8%，P=0.006）。多变量逻辑分析表明，妊娠相关性背痛无回归的危险因素包括 LBP（OR=2.36，95%CI=1.67-5.52，P<0.001）、妊娠背痛发作时疼痛评分≥3（OR=2.23，95%CI=1.56-6.24，P=0.004）、自我效能感较低（OR=2.19，95%CI=1.47-6.01，P<0.001）和职业日常体力需求较高（OR=2.01，95%CI=1.25-6.87，P=0.001）。
自我效能感低使女性经历妊娠相关性背痛无回归的风险增加两倍。自我效能感评估简单易行，可用于改善围产期健康。
