Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.
Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Mar 7;57(9):3833-3842. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06858. Epub 2023 Feb 22.
Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs) include ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), archaea (AOA), and spp. sublineage II capable of complete ammonia oxidation (comammox). These organisms can affect water quality not only by oxidizing ammonia to nitrite (or nitrate) but also by cometabolically degrading trace organic contaminants. In this study, the abundance and composition of AOM communities were investigated in full-scale biofilters at 14 facilities across North America and in pilot-scale biofilters operated for 18 months at a full-scale water treatment plant. In general, the relative abundance of AOM in most full-scale biofilters and in the pilot-scale biofilters was as follows: AOB > comammox > AOA. The abundance of AOB in the pilot-scale biofilters increased with increasing influent ammonia concentration and decreasing temperature, whereas AOA and comammox exhibited no correlations with these parameters. The biofilters affected AOM abundance in the water passing through the filters via collecting and shedding but exhibited a minor influence on the composition of AOB and sublineage II communities in the filtrate. Overall, this study highlights the relative importance of AOB and comammox compared to AOA in biofilters and the influence of filter influent water quality on AOM in biofilters and their release into the filtrate.
氨氧化微生物（AOM）包括氨氧化细菌（AOB）、古菌（AOA）和能够进行完全氨氧化（共氨氧化）的亚群 II。这些生物体不仅可以通过将氨氧化为亚硝酸盐（或硝酸盐）来影响水质，还可以通过共代谢降解痕量有机污染物来影响水质。在这项研究中，调查了北美 14 个设施的全规模生物过滤器和一个全规模水处理厂运行 18 个月的试点规模生物过滤器中的 AOM 群落的丰度和组成。一般来说，大多数全规模生物过滤器和试点规模生物过滤器中 AOM 的相对丰度如下：AOB > comammox > AOA。试点规模生物过滤器中 AOB 的丰度随着进水氨浓度的增加和温度的降低而增加，而 AOA 和 comammox 与这些参数没有相关性。生物过滤器通过收集和脱落来影响通过过滤器的水的 AOM 丰度，但对滤出液中 AOB 和亚群 II 群落的组成的影响较小。总的来说，这项研究强调了 AOB 和 comammox 与 AOA 相比在生物过滤器中的相对重要性，以及生物过滤器进水水质对生物过滤器中 AOM 及其向滤出液释放的影响。
