National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
Water Res. 2018 Nov 15;145:552-561. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.066. Epub 2018 Aug 30.
Nitrification failure of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in cold season calls into investigations of the functional ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs). In this study, we report the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), bacteria (AOB) and complete ammonia-oxidizing (comammox) Nitrospira in 23 municipal WWTPs in cold season, and explore the correlations between AOMs abundance and their relative contribution to nitrification. The copy numbers of AOA and AOB amoA gene ranged from 2.42 × 10 to 2.47 × 10 and 5.54 × 10 to 3.31 × 10 copies/g sludge, respectively. The abundance of amoA gene of Candidatus Nitrospira inopinata, an important strain of comammox Nitrospira, was stable with averaged abundance of 8.47 × 10 copies/g sludge. DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) assays were conducted with three typical WWTPs in which the abundance of AOA was lower than, similar to and higher than that of AOB, respectively. The results showed that considerable C-assimilation by AOA was detected during active nitrification in all WWTPs, whereas just a much lesser extent of C-incorporation by AOB and comammox Nitrospira was found in one WWTP. High-throughput sequencing with C-labeled DNA also showed the higher reads abundance of AOA than AOB and comammox Nitrospira. Nitrososphaera viennensis was the dominant active AOA, while Nitrosomonas oligotropha and Nitrosomonas europaea were identified as active AOB. The results obtained suggest that AOA, rather than AOB and comammox Nitrospira, dominate ammonia oxidation in WWTPs in cold season despite the numerical relationships of AOMs.
在寒冷季节，污水处理厂（WWTP）的硝化作用失败促使人们对功能氨氧化微生物（AOM）进行调查。在本研究中，我们报告了氨氧化古菌（AOA）、细菌（AOB）和完整氨氧化（comammox）硝化螺旋菌在 23 个寒冷季节的城市 WWTP 中的丰度，并探讨了 AOM 丰度与硝化作用相对贡献之间的相关性。AOA 和 AOB amoA 基因的拷贝数范围分别为 2.42×10 到 2.47×10 和 5.54×10 到 3.31×10 拷贝/g 污泥。Candidatus Nitrospira inopinata 的 amoA 基因丰度稳定，平均丰度为 8.47×10 拷贝/g 污泥，Candidatus Nitrospira inopinata 是 comammox Nitrospira 的一个重要菌株。利用三个典型的 WWTP 进行基于 DNA 的稳定同位素探针（DNA-SIP）试验，其中 AOA 的丰度分别低于、等于和高于 AOB。结果表明，在所有 WWTP 中，活跃的硝化作用过程中都检测到了 AOA 的大量 C 同化作用，而在一个 WWTP 中只发现了 AOB 和 comammox Nitrospira 的 C 同化作用程度要小得多。带有 C 标记的 DNA 的高通量测序也显示了 AOA 的读取丰度高于 AOB 和 comammox Nitrospira。Nitrososphaera viennensis 是主要的活性 AOA，而 Nitrosomonas oligotropha 和 Nitrosomonas europaea 被鉴定为活性 AOB。研究结果表明，尽管 AOM 之间存在数量关系，但在寒冷季节的 WWTP 中，AOA 而不是 AOB 和 comammox Nitrospira 主导氨氧化作用。
