Department of Kinesiology, UGA Concussion Research Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,USA.
Department of Kinesiology, UGA Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,USA.
J Sport Rehabil. 2023 Feb 22;32(5):513-523. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2022-0397. Print 2023 Jul 1.
Aberrant movement patterns among individuals with concussion history have been reported during sport-related movement. However, the acute postconcussion kinematic and kinetic biomechanical movement patterns during a rapid acceleration-deceleration task have not been profiled and leaves their progressive trajectory unknown. Our study aimed to examine single-leg hop stabilization kinematics and kinetics between concussed and healthy-matched controls acutely (≤7 d) and when asymptomatic (≤72 h of symptom resolution).
Prospective, cohort laboratory study.
Ten concussed (60% male; 19.2 [0.9] y; 178.7 [14.0] cm; 71.3 [18.0] kg) and 10 matched controls (60% male; 19.5 [1.2] y; 176.1 [12.6] cm; 71.0 [17.0] kg) completed the single-leg hop stabilization task under single and dual task (subtracting by 6's or 7's) at both time points. Participants stood on a 30-cm tall box set 50% of their height behind force plates while in an athletic stance. A synchronized light was illuminated randomly, queuing participants to initiate the movement as rapidly as possible. Participants then jumped forward, landed on their nondominant leg, and were instructed to reach and maintain stabilization as fast as possible upon ground contact. We used 2 (group) × 2 (time) mixed-model analyses of variance to compare single-leg hop stabilization outcomes separately during single and dual task.
We observed a significant main group effect for single-task ankle plantarflexion moment, with greater normalized torque (mean difference = 0.03 N·m/body weight; P = .048, g = 1.18) for concussed individuals across time points. A significant interaction effect for single-task reaction time indicated that concussed individuals had slower performance acutely relative to asymptomatic (mean difference = 0.09 s; P = .015, g = 0.64), while control group performance was stable. No other main or interaction effects for single-leg hop stabilization task metrics were present during single and dual task (P ≥ .051).
Greater ankle plantarflexion torque coupled with slower reaction time may indicate stiff, conservative single-leg hop stabilization performance acutely following concussion. Our findings shed preliminary light on the recovery trajectories of biomechanical alterations following concussion and provide specific kinematic and kinetic focal points for future research.
在与运动相关的运动中，已经报道了有脑震荡病史的个体的异常运动模式。然而，在快速加速-减速任务中，急性脑震荡后的运动生物力学运动模式尚未得到描述，其进展轨迹尚不清楚。我们的研究旨在检查急性（≤ 7d）和无症状（≤ 72h 症状缓解）时，脑震荡和健康匹配对照组单腿跳稳定的运动学和动力学。
前瞻性队列实验室研究。
10 名脑震荡（60%男性；19.2[0.9]岁；178.7[14.0]cm；71.3[18.0]kg）和 10 名匹配对照组（60%男性；19.5[1.2]岁；176.1[12.6]cm；71.0[17.0]kg）在两个时间点分别在单任务和双任务（减去 6 或 7）下完成单腿跳稳定任务。参与者在测力板上以其身高的 50%高度站在 30cm 高的盒子上，处于运动姿势。随机照亮同步光，排队让参与者尽快开始运动。然后参与者向前跳跃，用非优势腿着地，并被指示在触地后尽快达到并保持稳定。我们使用 2（组）×2（时间）混合模型方差分析分别比较单腿跳稳定在单任务和双任务下的结果。
我们观察到单任务踝关节跖屈力矩的主要组间效应，在整个时间点，脑震荡个体的归一化扭矩（平均差异=0.03N·m/体重；P=.048，g=1.18）更大。单任务反应时间的显著交互作用表明，与无症状时相比，脑震荡个体在急性时表现出较慢的反应（平均差异=0.09s；P=.015，g=0.64），而对照组的表现则保持稳定。在单任务和双任务下，单腿跳稳定任务指标均未出现其他主要或交互作用（P≥.051）。
更大的踝关节跖屈力矩和更慢的反应时间可能表明急性脑震荡后单腿跳稳定的僵硬、保守表现。我们的发现初步揭示了脑震荡后生物力学改变的恢复轨迹，并为未来的研究提供了特定的运动学和动力学焦点。
