Barati Leila, Radgoodarzi Mohammad, Vakili Mohammadali, Tabatabaizadeh Masume
Assistant Professor, Neonatal and Children's Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Assistant Professor, Pediatric Cardiologist, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
ARYA Atheroscler. 2022 Jan;18(1):1-6. doi: 10.48305/arya.v18i1.2242.
Childhood obesity and hypertension (HTN) are among serious global health concerns. Since risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) should be managed early in life and there is little information about children under the age of 6 in the community, the study was designed aiming to address these issues.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 1,091, 3-6-year-old children in Gorgan City, located in north of Iran. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure were measured using standard techniques. All statistical tests were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for windows.
Given the study, respectively 3.8 and 4.5% of the boys and girls were underweight, 17.4 and 16.5% of the boys and girls were overweight, and 20.8 and 19.3% of the boys and girls were obese. In addition, 3.4, 0.7, and 0.4% of the subjects had presystolic, systolic, and prediastolic HTN, respectively. There is a significant linear relationship between BMI and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. It was found that the risk of obesity in mothers with college education was estimated to be almost 5 times higher than in mothers with lower levels of education.
Compared to the values announced by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the mean height, weight, and BMI of children in our study was higher. Educational interventions should be considered in society, especially for mothers with a high level of education and employed ones. It is recommended that blood pressure measurements, especially in obese children, be carefully considered at each pediatric visit so that children with HTN could be quickly identified and treated.
儿童肥胖和高血压是全球严重的健康问题。由于心血管疾病的危险因素应在生命早期进行管理，且社区中关于6岁以下儿童的信息较少，因此设计本研究旨在解决这些问题。
本横断面研究对位于伊朗北部戈尔甘市的1091名3至6岁儿童进行。使用标准技术测量身高、体重、体重指数（BMI）和血压。所有统计检验均使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）for windows进行。
根据该研究，男孩和女孩中分别有3.8%和4.5%体重不足，17.4%和16.5%超重，20.8%和19.3%肥胖。此外，分别有3.4%、0.7%和0.4%的受试者有收缩前期、收缩期和舒张前期高血压。BMI与收缩压和舒张压之间存在显著的线性关系。发现受过大学教育的母亲肥胖风险估计比受教育程度较低的母亲高近5倍。
与疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）公布的值相比，我们研究中儿童的平均身高、体重和BMI更高。社会应考虑进行教育干预，特别是针对受过高等教育和有工作的母亲。建议在每次儿科就诊时仔细考虑测量血压，特别是对肥胖儿童，以便能快速识别和治疗高血压儿童。
