Abishake Joshi, Ninave Sudhir, Keerti Akshunna
Medicine and Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.
Forensic Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Jan 17;15(1):e33878. doi: 10.7759/cureus.33878. eCollection 2023 Jan.
Professionals who work in perinatal care must understand the advantages and disadvantages of perinatal autopsy since they are an essential tool for determining fetal and neonatal mortality. Perinatal is the period five months before one month after birth, while prenatal is before birth. The traditional prenatal autopsy is still the gold standard for establishing the cause of death and providing an accurate report, notwithstanding the development of new technology. The ideal locations for a prenatal autopsy are tertiary institutes that offer these procedures. It emphasizes the need for systematic histopathologic sampling, rigorous record-keeping, technological adaptation, and wise laboratory test use. When a laboratory does a microbiologic examination with a focus on the genital tract and neonatal problems, it is very beneficial. Karyotyping needs to be selective and works best when there are many aberrations if resources are to be saved. A perinatal autopsy is insufficient without examining the placenta, and severe lesions should be distinguished from deformities and abnormalities brought on by fetal death. In addition to providing epidemiology teams and auditing committees with high-quality data, the pathologist's role in perinatal medicine also includes participating in the multidisciplinary management of fetal abnormalities identified during pregnancy, monitoring the patterns of iatrogenic disease, and aiding the perinatal grief management process. Investigations into complicated multiple pregnancies, hydrops, bone dysplasias, and unexpected intrauterine fetal deaths provide unique obstacles and diagnostic difficulties. There hasn't been any research that contrasts postmortem computed tomography with postmortem x-rays in pregnant women, as far as we know. Histological analysis of many perinatal autopsies revealed healthy developing tissues. Only a tiny percentage of histological abnormalities can be expected in fetal anomaly terminations. On prenatal imaging, many organ abnormalities are commonly anticipated. A thorough database search was done in Pubmed, Medline, and Scopus using the phrases "fetal abnormalities," "karyotyping," "fetal abnormality," "postmortem," and "perinatal autopsy."
从事围产期护理工作的专业人员必须了解围产期尸检的优缺点，因为它们是确定胎儿和新生儿死亡率的重要工具。围产期是指出生前五个月至出生后一个月的时间段，而产前是指出生前。尽管新技术不断发展，但传统的产前尸检仍然是确定死亡原因并提供准确报告的金标准。进行产前尸检的理想场所是提供这些程序的三级医疗机构。它强调了系统组织病理学采样、严格记录保存、技术适应和明智使用实验室检测的必要性。当实验室针对生殖道和新生儿问题进行微生物学检查时，会非常有帮助。如果要节省资源，核型分析需要有选择性，并且在存在许多畸变时效果最佳。不检查胎盘的围产期尸检是不充分的，严重病变应与胎儿死亡引起的畸形和异常区分开来。病理学家在围产期医学中的作用除了为流行病学团队和审计委员会提供高质量数据外，还包括参与孕期发现的胎儿异常的多学科管理、监测医源性疾病模式以及协助围产期悲伤管理过程。对复杂多胎妊娠、水肿、骨发育不良和意外宫内胎儿死亡的调查带来了独特的障碍和诊断困难。据我们所知，目前还没有研究对比孕妇死后计算机断层扫描和死后X线检查。许多围产期尸检的组织学分析显示组织发育正常。在胎儿异常终止妊娠中，预计只有极小比例的组织学异常。在产前影像学检查中，通常会预期许多器官异常。我们在PubMed、Medline和Scopus数据库中使用“胎儿异常”、“核型分析”、“胎儿畸形”、“死后检查”和“围产期尸检”等关键词进行了全面的数据库搜索。
