Exploring future applications of the apiculate yeast .

As a metaphor, lemons get a bad rap; however the proverb '' is often used in a motivational context. The same could be said of in winemaking. Despite its predominance in vineyards and grape must, this lemon-shaped yeast is underappreciated in terms of its contribution to the overall sensory profile of fine wine. Species belonging to this apiculate yeast are known for being common isolates not just on grape berries, but on many other fruits. They play a critical role in the early stages of a fermentation and can influence the quality of the final product. Their deliberate addition within mixed-culture fermentations shows promise in adding to the complexity of a wine and thus provide sensorial benefits. species are also key participants in the fermentations of a variety of other foodstuffs ranging from chocolate to apple cider. Outside of their role in fermentation, species have attractive biotechnological possibilities as revealed through studies on biocontrol potential, use as a whole-cell biocatalyst and important interactions with flies. The growing amount of 'omics data on is revealing interesting features of the genus that sets it apart from the other Ascomycetes. This review collates the fields of research conducted on this apiculate yeast genus.