Bell Madison, Duncan Markus J, Patte Karen A, Roy Brian D, Ditor David S, Klentrou Panagiota
Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Feb 17;12(2):326. doi: 10.3390/biology12020326.
This study examined changes in body mass and body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and dietary intake in Canadian university students during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Two self-reported recall surveys were conducted: after the first lockdown in September 2020 (T1) and following the second lockdown in March 2021 (T2). Eligible participants were full-time undergraduate students attending a Canadian university and residing in Canada during the first year of the pandemic. At T1, 510 students (99 male, 411 female) completed the survey, and of those, 135 (32 males, 103 females) completed the survey at T2 (73% attrition). At both T1 and T2, most participants were 18-24 years of age (93% and 90%, respectively), Caucasian (73% and 78%, respectively), and resided in the province of Ontario (79% and 80%, respectively). Body mass increased from T1 to T2 (+0.91 ± 3.89 kg (132) = -2.7, = 0.008). BMI also increased from T1 to T2 (+0.30 ± 1.33 kg/m [(130) = -2.5, = 0.012), with a greater number of participants within the overweight range (19.8% versus 24.4%, respectively). At T1, 38% of the participants reported a decrease in physical activity, while the number of students reporting a decrease in activity increased to 56% at T2. Dietary energy intake decreased from 1678 ± 958 kcal/day at T1 to 1565 ± 842 kcal/day at T2 [c(1) = 7.2, = 0.007]. Diet quality also decreased, with participants not meeting the recommended daily allowance for essential macro and micronutrients. A decrease was observed in daily servings of fruits (-27%, < 0.001), vegetables (-72%, < 0.001), and grains (-68%, < 0.001). In conclusion, despite a small decrease in dietary energy intake, a modest weight gain occurred during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in this cohort of Canadian university students, which was potentially related to decreased physical activity and diet quality.
本研究调查了在新冠疫情大流行的第一年，加拿大大学生的体重、体重指数（BMI）、身体活动及饮食摄入的变化情况。进行了两次自我报告式回顾性调查：一次是在2020年9月首次封锁之后（T1），另一次是在2021年3月第二次封锁之后（T2）。符合条件的参与者为在疫情大流行第一年就读于加拿大大学并居住在加拿大的全日制本科生。在T1时，510名学生（99名男性，411名女性）完成了调查，其中135名（32名男性，103名女性）在T2时完成了调查（损耗率为73%）。在T1和T2时，大多数参与者年龄在18 - 24岁（分别为93%和90%），为白种人（分别为73%和78%），且居住在安大略省（分别为T1时79%，T2时80%）。体重从T1到T2有所增加（+0.91±3.89千克[(132)= -2.7，P = 0.008]）。BMI也从T1到T2有所增加（+0.30±1.33千克/平方米[(130)= -2.5，P = 0.012]），超重范围内的参与者数量有所增加（分别为19.8%和24.4%）。在T1时，38%的参与者报告身体活动减少，而在T2时报告活动减少的学生数量增加到了56%。饮食能量摄入从T1时的1678±958千卡/天降至T2时的1565±842千卡/天[c(1)= 7.2，P = 0.007]。饮食质量也有所下降，参与者未达到必需的常量和微量营养素的每日推荐摄入量。观察到水果的每日食用量减少（-27%，P < 0.001），蔬菜（-72%，P < 0.001）和谷物（-68%，P < 0.001）的每日食用量也减少。总之，尽管饮食能量摄入略有下降，但在这组加拿大大学生中，新冠疫情大流行的第一年体重仍有适度增加，这可能与身体活动减少和饮食质量下降有关。
