Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L6L 3M7, Canada.
Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 10;18(8):3990. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18083990.
: The transition to university is often accompanied by the adoption of negative lifestyle habits, which may result in weight and fat gain. While this has been demonstrated during 1st year, little is known about subsequent years. We investigated changes in body composition, energy expenditure, and dietary/energy intake from 1st to 4th year university. : Thirty-eight students (14 males, 24 females) completed a lifestyle questionnaire and had their body mass, fat mass, lean body mass (LBM), and body fat percentage (%BF) measured three times: at the beginning and end of 1st year, and end of 4th year. : During 1st year, body mass, fat mass, LBM, and %BF increased (+3.2 ± 3.8 kg, +2.5 ± 3.0 kg, +0.7 ± 2.1 kg, +2.3 ± 4.9%, respectively; < 0.01), while daily energy intake and expenditure decreased (-359 ± 1019 kcal·d and -434 ± 786 kcal·d, respectively; < 0.01). Between the end of 1st year and end of 4th year, body mass, LBM, and energy expenditure increased (+3.2 ± 3.8 kg, +1.3 ± 2.9 kg, +209 ± 703 kcal·d, respectively; ≤ 0.05), while %BF, fat mass, and energy intake did not change. : Although %BF and fat mass remained stable from the end of 1st year to the end of 4th year in this group of university students, the positive increase in energy expenditure was not enough to reverse the weight and fat gained during 1st year.
从大学一年级到四年级，人体成分、能量消耗以及饮食/能量摄入的变化：
38 名学生（男性 14 名，女性 24 名）完成了一份生活方式问卷，并三次测量了他们的体重、体脂肪量、去脂体重（LBM）和体脂肪百分比（%BF）：在大学一年级开始和结束时，以及四年级结束时。
在大学一年级期间，体重、体脂肪量、LBM 和 %BF 增加（分别增加了 3.2 ± 3.8kg、2.5 ± 3.0kg、0.7 ± 2.1kg 和 2.3 ± 4.9%； < 0.01），而每日能量摄入和消耗减少（分别减少了 359 ± 1019kcal·d 和 434 ± 786kcal·d； < 0.01）。从大学一年级结束到四年级结束，体重、LBM 和能量消耗增加（分别增加了 3.2 ± 3.8kg、1.3 ± 2.9kg 和 209 ± 703kcal·d； ≤ 0.05），而 %BF、体脂肪量和能量摄入没有变化。
尽管在这组大学生中，从大学一年级结束到四年级结束时，%BF 和体脂肪量保持稳定，但能量消耗的正增长不足以逆转大学一年级时体重和体脂肪的增加。
