Manon Julie, Evrard Robin, Fievé Lies, Bouzin Caroline, Magnin Delphine, Xhema Daela, Darius Tom, Bonaccorsi-Riani Eliano, Gianello Pierre, Docquier Pierre-Louis, Schubert Thomas, Lengelé Benoît, Behets Catherine, Cornu Olivier
Morphology Lab (MORF), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
Transplantation and Experimental Surgery Lab (CHEX), IREC, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2023 Jan 21;10(2):143. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10020143.
The lack of viability of massive bone allografts for critical-size bone defect treatment remains a challenge in orthopedic surgery. The literature has reviewed the advantages of a multi-combined treatment with the synergy of an osteoconductive extracellular matrix (ECM), osteogenic stem cells, and growth factors (GFs). Questions are still open about the need for ECM components, the influence of the decellularization process on the latter, the related potential loss of function, and the necessity of using pre-differentiated cells. In order to fill in this gap, a bone allograft surrounded by an osteogenic membrane made of a decellularized collagen matrix from human fascia lata and seeded with periosteal mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) was analyzed in terms of de-/recellularization, osteogenic properties, PMSC self-differentiation, and angiogenic potential. While the decellularization processes altered the ECM content differently, the main GF content was decreased in soft tissues but relatively increased in hard bone tissues. The spontaneous osteogenic differentiation was necessarily obtained through contact with a mineralized bone matrix. Trying to deepen the knowledge on the complex matrix-cell interplay could further propel these tissue engineering concepts and lead us to provide the biological elements that allow bone integration in vivo.
对于治疗临界尺寸骨缺损而言，大块骨同种异体移植物缺乏活力仍是骨科手术中的一项挑战。文献综述了骨传导性细胞外基质（ECM）、成骨干细胞和生长因子（GFs）协同作用的多联合治疗的优势。关于ECM成分的必要性、脱细胞过程对其的影响、相关的潜在功能丧失以及使用预分化细胞的必要性等问题仍然悬而未决。为了填补这一空白，我们分析了一种骨同种异体移植物，其周围包裹着由人阔筋膜的脱细胞胶原基质制成的成骨膜，并接种了骨膜间充质干细胞（PMSCs），从脱/再细胞化、成骨特性、PMSC自我分化和血管生成潜力等方面进行了分析。虽然脱细胞过程对ECM含量的改变各不相同，但主要GF含量在软组织中降低，而在硬骨组织中相对增加。通过与矿化骨基质接触必然会获得自发的成骨分化。试图加深对复杂的基质-细胞相互作用的了解，可能会进一步推动这些组织工程概念的发展，并引导我们提供能够实现体内骨整合的生物学要素。
