Eltahan Hatem M, Kang Chang W, Chowdhury Vishwajit S, Eltahan Hossam M, Abdel-Maksoud Mostafa A, Mubarak Ayman, Lim Chun Ik
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Agriculture Ministry, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh 33717, Egypt.
Postdoc at the Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Feb 7;13(4):580. doi: 10.3390/ani13040580.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of cold drinking water on cellular and humoral immunity in heat-exposed laying hens. One hundred and eight laying hens at 19 weeks old were placed into three treatments with six replicates of six hens in each group as follows: (1) hens were provided with normal drinking water (NW) under the control of thermoneutral temperature (CT: 25 ± 1 °C; CT + NW), (2) hens were provided with NW under high ambient temperature (HT: 35 ± 1 °C; HT + NW) for 8 h/d for a month, and (3) hens were treated under HT with cold drinking water (CW: 15 ± 1 °C; HT + CW) for 8 h/d for a 4-weeks. Then, the feed consumption, egg production, egg weight, feed conversion ratio, and blood immune parameters were investigated. The results showed that cold drinking water (CW) caused a significant ( < 0.05) recovery in the reduction of food intake and egg production due to heat stress; however, there was no significant effect ( > 0.05) on egg weight and feed conversion ratio. Moreover, CW significantly ( < 0.05) restored the immune-suppressing effects of heat stress on the contents of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, including B-cell (BU-Ia), helper T cell (CD4), and the ratio of helper/cytotoxic T cell (CD4/CD8). In addition, CW significantly ( < 0.05) recovered the reduction on the level of mRNA expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), as well as significantly ( < 0.05) restored the reduction of plasma concentration of IL-2, IFN-γ and immunoglobulin G in heat-stressed laying hens. These results prove that CW increased heat dissipation and enhanced feed intake, egg production, and cellular and humoral immunity in heat-exposed laying hens.
本研究旨在探讨饮用冷水对热应激蛋鸡细胞免疫和体液免疫的影响。将108只19周龄的蛋鸡分为三个处理组，每组六个重复，每个重复六只鸡，分组如下：(1) 在热中性温度（CT：25±1°C；CT+NW）条件下，给母鸡提供常温水（NW）；(2) 在高温环境（HT：35±1°C；HT+NW）下，给母鸡提供常温水，每天8小时，持续一个月；(3) 在高温环境下，给母鸡提供冷水（CW：15±1°C；HT+CW），每天8小时，持续4周。然后，对采食量、产蛋量、蛋重、饲料转化率和血液免疫参数进行了测定。结果表明，饮用冷水（CW）显著（P<0.05）缓解了热应激导致的采食量和产蛋量下降；然而，对蛋重和饲料转化率没有显著影响（P>0.05）。此外，CW显著（P<0.05）恢复了热应激对外周血单核细胞含量的免疫抑制作用，包括B细胞（BU-Ia）、辅助性T细胞（CD4）以及辅助性/细胞毒性T细胞比值（CD4/CD8）。另外，CW显著（P<0.05）恢复了白细胞介素-2（IL-2）和干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）mRNA表达水平的下降，并且显著（P<0.05）恢复了热应激蛋鸡血浆中IL-2、IFN-γ和免疫球蛋白G浓度的下降。这些结果证明，饮用冷水增加了热应激蛋鸡的散热，提高了采食量、产蛋量以及细胞免疫和体液免疫。
