Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea.
Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea.
Biomolecules. 2023 Feb 18;13(2):392. doi: 10.3390/biom13020392.
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) leads to decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness via heat-induced adipocyte necrosis. Heat can induce adipocyte apoptosis and autophagy, and it is known that nuclear or mitochondrial p53 is involved in apoptosis and autophagy. However, whether HIFU leads to apoptosis or autophagy is unclear. We evaluated whether HIFU decreases SAT thickness via p53-related apoptosis or autophagy in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed animals. The expression of nuclear and mitochondrial p53 was increased by HIFU. HIFU also led to decreased expression of BCL2/BCL-xL (an antiapoptotic signal), increased expression of BAX/BAK (an apoptotic signal), increased levels of cleaved caspase 3/9, and increased numbers of apoptotic cells as evaluated by TUNEL assay. Furthermore, HIFU led to increased levels of ATG5, BECN1, and LC3II/LC3I, and decreased levels of p62, a marker of increased autophagy. The thickness of SAT was decreased by HIFU. In conclusion, HIFU led to nuclear and mitochondrial p53 expression, which led to apoptosis and autophagy, and eventually decreased SAT thickness in HFD-fed animals.
高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）通过热诱导脂肪细胞坏死导致皮下脂肪组织（SAT）厚度减少。热可以诱导脂肪细胞凋亡和自噬，并且已知核或线粒体 p53 参与凋亡和自噬。然而，HIFU 是否导致凋亡或自噬尚不清楚。我们评估了 HIFU 是否通过高脂肪饮食（HFD）喂养动物中的 p53 相关凋亡或自噬导致 SAT 厚度减少。HIFU 增加了核和线粒体 p53 的表达。HIFU 还导致 BCL2/BCL-xL（抗凋亡信号）的表达减少，BAX/BAK（凋亡信号）的表达增加，用 TUNEL 测定评估的 cleaved caspase 3/9 水平增加和凋亡细胞数量增加。此外，HIFU 导致 ATG5、BECN1 和 LC3II/LC3I 的水平增加，p62（自噬增加的标志物）的水平降低。SAT 的厚度减少。总之，HIFU 导致核和线粒体 p53 的表达，导致凋亡和自噬，最终导致 HFD 喂养动物的 SAT 厚度减少。
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