Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA-Stem Cells, Av. Hippocrate 15 B, 4000 Liege, Belgium.
Cells. 2023 Feb 7;12(4):532. doi: 10.3390/cells12040532.
During transcription, DNA replication and repair, chromatin structure is constantly modified to reveal specific genetic regions and allow access to DNA-interacting enzymes. ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling complexes use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to modify chromatin architecture by repositioning and rearranging nucleosomes. These complexes are defined by a conserved SNF2-like, catalytic ATPase subunit and are divided into four families: CHD, SWI/SNF, ISWI and INO80. ATP-dependent chromatin remodellers are crucial in regulating development and stem cell biology in numerous organs, including the inner ear. In addition, mutations in genes coding for proteins that are part of chromatin remodellers have been implicated in numerous cases of neurosensory deafness. In this review, we describe the composition, structure and functional activity of these complexes and discuss how they contribute to hearing and neurosensory deafness.
在转录、DNA 复制和修复过程中，染色质结构不断被修饰以揭示特定的遗传区域，并允许 DNA 相互作用的酶进入。ATP 依赖的染色质重塑复合物利用 ATP 水解的能量，通过重新定位和重组核小体来改变染色质结构。这些复合物由保守的 SNF2 样、催化 ATP 酶亚基定义，并分为四个家族：CHD、SWI/SNF、ISWI 和 INO80。ATP 依赖的染色质重塑因子在调节许多器官（包括内耳）的发育和干细胞生物学中起着至关重要的作用。此外，编码染色质重塑因子的蛋白质的基因突变与许多感觉神经性耳聋病例有关。在这篇综述中，我们描述了这些复合物的组成、结构和功能活性，并讨论了它们如何导致听力和感觉神经性耳聋。
