Moreira Mariana, Veiga Guida, Lopes Frederico, Hales Derek, Luz Carlos, Cordovil Rita
Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, University of Lisbon, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal.
Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jan 25;10(2):214. doi: 10.3390/children10020214.
This study examined the relationship between the quality of the kindergarten physical and social environment to promote physical activity (PA) and preschoolers' motor and social-emotional competence. Two Portuguese kindergartens (Gondomar city) were selected from a pool of seventeen with an assessment of kindergarten PA best practices (one with high PA practices, the other with low). Thirty-six children (M = 4.42; SD = 1.00 years) without neuromotor disorders participated in this study. Motor and social-emotional competence were assessed with standardized motor skills tasks and parent report of child behaviors. Children from the kindergarten with higher compliance with PA best practices showed significantly better motor competence. No statistically significant differences were found for social-emotional competence scores. These findings emphasize the critical importance of kindergarten in promoting preschoolers' motor competence by assuring a physical and social environment that enhances their PA practice. This is a particularly relevant concern for directors and teachers during the post-pandemic period, given the developmental delays and decreases in physical activity preschool children experienced across the pandemic period.
本研究考察了幼儿园体育和社会环境质量与促进身体活动（PA）以及学龄前儿童运动和社会情感能力之间的关系。从17所幼儿园中挑选出两所葡萄牙幼儿园（贡多马尔市），对幼儿园PA最佳实践进行评估（一所PA实践水平高，另一所水平低）。36名无神经运动障碍的儿童（M = 4.42；SD = 1.00岁）参与了本研究。通过标准化运动技能任务和家长对孩子行为的报告来评估运动和社会情感能力。PA最佳实践依从性较高的幼儿园的儿童表现出明显更好的运动能力。社会情感能力得分未发现统计学上的显著差异。这些发现强调了幼儿园在通过确保促进儿童PA实践的体育和社会环境来促进学龄前儿童运动能力方面的至关重要性。鉴于学龄前儿童在整个疫情期间经历了发育迟缓以及身体活动减少，这对疫情后时期的园长和教师来说是一个特别相关的问题。
