Chatterjee Sujata, Dhole Archana, Krishnan Anoop A, Banerjee Kaushik
National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Post Office, Manjari Farm, Pune 412307, India.
Export Inspection Agency, Kochi 68206, India.
Foods. 2023 Feb 6;12(4):705. doi: 10.3390/foods12040705.
Mycotoxins are deleterious fungal secondary metabolites that contaminate food and feed, thereby creating concerns regarding food safety. Common fungal genera can easily proliferate in Indian tropical and sub-tropical conditions, and scientific attention is warranted to curb their growth. To address this, two nodal governmental agencies, namely the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) and the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), have developed and implemented analytical methods and quality control procedures to monitor mycotoxin levels in a range of food matrices and assess risks to human health over the last two decades. However, comprehensive information on such advancements in mycotoxin testing and issues in implementing these regulations has been inadequately covered in the recent literature. The aim of this review is thus to uphold a systematic picture of the role played by the FSSAI and APEDA for mycotoxin control at the domestic level and for the promotion of international trade, along with certain challenges in dealing with mycotoxin monitoring. Additionally, it unfolds various regulatory concerns regarding mycotoxin mitigation in India. Overall, it provides valuable insights for the Indian farming community, food supply chain stakeholders and researchers about India's success story in arresting mycotoxins throughout the food supply chain.
霉菌毒素是有害的真菌次生代谢产物，会污染食品和饲料，从而引发对食品安全的担忧。常见的真菌属在印度的热带和亚热带条件下很容易繁殖，因此有必要引起科学关注以抑制它们的生长。为解决这一问题，两个政府 nodal 机构，即农业和加工食品出口发展局（APEDA）和印度食品安全标准管理局（FSSAI），在过去二十年中制定并实施了分析方法和质量控制程序，以监测一系列食品基质中的霉菌毒素水平，并评估对人类健康的风险。然而，近期文献对霉菌毒素检测方面的此类进展以及实施这些法规过程中存在的问题的全面信息覆盖不足。因此，本综述的目的是系统呈现 FSSAI 和 APEDA 在国内层面控制霉菌毒素以及促进国际贸易方面所发挥的作用，以及在处理霉菌毒素监测方面面临的某些挑战。此外，它还阐述了印度在霉菌毒素缓解方面的各种监管问题。总体而言，它为印度农业社区、食品供应链利益相关者和研究人员提供了有关印度在整个食品供应链中遏制霉菌毒素方面成功经验的宝贵见解。
