Department of Personal Protective Equipment, Central Institute for Labour Protection-National Research Institute, 48 Wierzbowa Street, 90-133 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Automation, Biomechanics and Mechatronics, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 15;20(4):3380. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043380.
Up-to-date anthropometric data on the human population are needed for designing safe and ergonomically efficient workplaces. An important determinant of safety and ergonomic comfort at work is knowledge of the value of dimensional allowances (DAs) when using personal protective equipment (PPE) as the dimensions and space occupied by workers increase. This is particularly important in environments characterized by spatial constraints. However, it is not well known to what extent the aforementioned DAs are affected by the users' features. The anthropometric dimensions of 200 people (151 males and 49 females) were obtained from 3D scans, and these became the basis for calculating DAs when using PPE kits normally worn by rescue and technical workers. DAs were determined for the entire body shape of a person wearing three types of PPE kits designed for firefighters, mine rescuers, and welders. In the study, maximum and mean values of height, width, and circumference DAs were obtained. In addition, percentage dimensional increments (DIs) were calculated. A three-dimensional analysis of the human body with and without PPE, involving a 3D scanning methodology, was applied to address the research question. Test results clearly indicate that the values of DAs do not depend on the anthropometric features of users, such as sex, age, and body height percentile-they remain constant for a given type of PPE. The presented data are useful for designing PPE products as well as work tools and infrastructure, including machinery, devices, workstations, means of transport, interiors, and building equipment. The results of the presented study indicate that dimensional allowances play a significant role in interactions between persons wearing PPE and their work environments. The obtained results (DAs and percentage DIs) are included in a new anthropometric atlas of human measures developed by the CIOP-PIB in 2023.
需要最新的人体测量学数据来设计安全和符合人体工程学的高效工作场所。在使用个人防护设备 (PPE) 时，了解尺寸公差 (DA) 的价值是工作安全和人体工程学舒适性的一个重要决定因素，因为工人的尺寸和占用空间会增加。在空间受限的环境中，这一点尤为重要。然而，人们并不清楚这些尺寸公差在多大程度上受到使用者特征的影响。从 3D 扫描中获取了 200 人的人体测量尺寸（151 名男性和 49 名女性），并将其作为计算使用救援和技术工人通常穿戴的 PPE 套件时的尺寸公差的基础。确定了三种类型的 PPE 套件（消防员、矿山救援人员和焊工）的整个人体形状的尺寸公差。在研究中，获得了身高、宽度和周长的最大和平均值尺寸公差。此外，还计算了尺寸增量 (DI) 的百分比。使用涉及 3D 扫描方法的人体三维分析来解决研究问题。测试结果清楚地表明，尺寸公差的值不取决于使用者的人体测量特征，如性别、年龄和身高百分位数——对于给定类型的 PPE，它们保持不变。所提供的数据对于设计 PPE 产品以及工作工具和基础设施（包括机器、设备、工作站、运输工具、内饰和建筑设备）非常有用。本研究的结果表明，尺寸公差在佩戴 PPE 的人员与其工作环境之间的相互作用中起着重要作用。获得的结果（尺寸公差和百分比 DI）包含在由 CIOP-PIB 于 2023 年开发的新人体测量图谱中。
