School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 14;24(4):3777. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043777.
Cytoskeleton protein 4.1 is an essential class of skeletal membrane protein, initially found in red blood cells, and can be classified into four types: 4.1R (red blood cell type), 4.1N (neuronal type), 4.1G (general type), and 4.1B (brain type). As research progressed, it was discovered that cytoskeleton protein 4.1 plays a vital role in cancer as a tumor suppressor. Many studies have also demonstrated that cytoskeleton protein 4.1 acts as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for tumors. Moreover, with the rise of immunotherapy, the tumor microenvironment as a treatment target in cancer has attracted great interest. Increasing evidence has shown the immunoregulatory potential of cytoskeleton protein 4.1 in the tumor microenvironment and treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of cytoskeleton protein 4.1 within the tumor microenvironment in immunoregulation and cancer development, with the intention of providing a new approach and new ideas for future cancer diagnosis and treatment.
细胞骨架蛋白 4.1 是一种重要的细胞骨架膜蛋白，最初在红细胞中发现，可分为 4.1R（红细胞型）、4.1N（神经元型）、4.1G（一般型）和 4.1B（脑型）。随着研究的进展，发现细胞骨架蛋白 4.1 作为一种肿瘤抑制因子在癌症中起着至关重要的作用。许多研究还表明，细胞骨架蛋白 4.1 是肿瘤的诊断和预后生物标志物。此外，随着免疫疗法的兴起，癌症作为治疗靶点的肿瘤微环境引起了极大的兴趣。越来越多的证据表明细胞骨架蛋白 4.1 在肿瘤微环境和治疗中的免疫调节潜力。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了细胞骨架蛋白 4.1 在肿瘤微环境中的免疫调节和癌症发展中的作用，旨在为未来的癌症诊断和治疗提供新的方法和思路。
