Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 20;24(4):4177. doi: 10.3390/ijms24044177.
The placenta is a vital organ of pregnancy, regulating adaptation to pregnancy, gestational parent/fetal exchange, and ultimately, fetal development and growth. Not surprisingly, in cases of placental dysfunction-where aspects of placental development or function become compromised-adverse pregnancy outcomes can result. One common placenta-mediated disorder of pregnancy is preeclampsia (PE), a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with a highly heterogeneous clinical presentation. The wide array of clinical characteristics observed in pregnant individuals and neonates of a PE pregnancy are likely the result of distinct forms of placental pathology underlying the PE diagnosis, explaining why no one common intervention has proven effective in the prevention or treatment of PE. The historical paradigm of placental pathology in PE highlights an important role for utero-placental malperfusion, placental hypoxia and oxidative stress, and a critical role for placental mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease. In the current review, the evidence of placental mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of PE will be summarized, highlighting how altered mitochondrial function may be a common feature across distinct PE subtypes. Further, advances in this field of study and therapeutic targeting of mitochondria as a promising intervention for PE will be discussed.
胎盘是妊娠的重要器官，调节妊娠适应、妊娠母体/胎儿交换，最终调节胎儿发育和生长。毫不奇怪，在胎盘功能障碍的情况下——胎盘发育或功能的某些方面受损——可能会导致不良的妊娠结局。妊娠中一种常见的胎盘介导的疾病是子痫前期（PE），这是一种妊娠高血压疾病，临床表现高度异质。PE 妊娠中孕妇和新生儿观察到的广泛的临床特征可能是 PE 诊断下不同形式的胎盘病理的结果，这解释了为什么没有一种通用的干预措施在预防或治疗 PE 方面被证明是有效的。PE 中胎盘病理学的历史范例强调了子宫胎盘灌注不良、胎盘缺氧和氧化应激的重要作用，以及胎盘线粒体功能障碍在疾病发病机制和进展中的关键作用。在本综述中，将总结 PE 背景下胎盘线粒体功能障碍的证据，强调改变的线粒体功能可能是不同 PE 亚型的共同特征。此外，还将讨论该领域的研究进展和作为治疗 PE 的有前途的干预措施的线粒体靶向治疗。
