Department of Maternal and Child Health, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 69-535 Poznan, Poland.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Jan 26;59(2):233. doi: 10.3390/medicina59020233.
The term intramural (interstitial) ectopic pregnancy refers to a pregnancy developing outside the uterine cavity, with a gestational sac implanted into the interstitial part of the Fallopian tube, surrounded by a layer of the myometrium. The prevalence rate of interstitial pregnancy (IP) is 2-4% of all ectopic pregnancies. Surgery is the primary treatment for interstitial ectopic pregnancy; the pharmacological management of ectopic pregnancy, including IP, in asymptomatic patients includes systemic administration of methotrexate. In this report, we present two cases of this rare pregnancy type, reviewing our management technique and treatment ways presented in the literature. In our patients, the management was initially conservative and included methotrexate, administered as intravenous bolus injection, regular beta-human chorionic gonadotropins (β-HCG) level measurements in peripheral blood, and monitoring of the patient's general condition. Due to signs of intra-abdominal bleeding in patient A and inadequate β-HCG level reduction in patient B, both patients eventually underwent laparoscopic cornual resection. Pregnancy, implanted into the interstitial part of the Fallopian tube and surrounded by myometrial tissue with myometrial invasion of the trophoblast, poses a serious diagnostic challenge to modern gynecology due to particularly low sensitivity and specificity of symptoms, and may require both pharmacological and surgical treatment.
术语“子宫壁内(间质)异位妊娠”是指在子宫腔外发育的妊娠,妊娠囊植入输卵管的间质部分,被子宫肌层包围。间质妊娠(IP)的患病率占所有异位妊娠的 2-4%。手术是治疗间质异位妊娠的主要方法;对于无症状的异位妊娠,包括 IP,包括甲氨蝶呤在内的药物治疗。在本报告中,我们介绍了两种这种罕见妊娠类型的病例,回顾了我们在文献中提出的管理技术和治疗方法。在我们的患者中,最初的治疗方法是保守的,包括甲氨蝶呤静脉推注,定期测量外周血中的β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)水平,并监测患者的一般情况。由于患者 A 出现腹腔内出血迹象,患者 B 的β-HCG 水平降低不足,因此两名患者最终均接受了腹腔镜子宫角切除术。妊娠,植入输卵管的间质部分,被滋养层侵犯的子宫肌层包围,由于症状的敏感性和特异性特别低,对现代妇科提出了严重的诊断挑战,可能需要药物和手术治疗。