Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Ibaraki, Japan.
Molecules. 2023 Feb 6;28(4):1558. doi: 10.3390/molecules28041558.
In this review, the latest achievements in the field of multiply bonded organogermanium derivatives, mostly reported within the last two decades, are presented. The isolable Ge-containing analogues of alkenes, alkynes, 1,3-dienes, allenes, and vinylidenes are discussed, and for each class of unsaturated organogermanium compounds, the most representative examples are given. The synthetic approaches toward homonuclear multiply bonded combinations solely consisting of germanium atoms, and their heteronuclear variants containing germanium and other group 14 elements, both acyclic and cyclic, are discussed. The peculiar structural features and nonclassical bonding nature of the abovementioned compounds are discussed based on their spectroscopic and structural characteristics, in particular their crystallographic parameters (double bond length, -bending at the doubly bonded centers, and twisting about the double bond). The prospects for the practical use of the title compounds in synthetic and catalytic fields are also briefly discussed.
在这篇综述中，介绍了过去二十年中多键有机锗衍生物领域的最新研究成果。讨论了可分离的含烯、炔、1,3-二烯、丙二烯和亚乙烯基的含锗类似物，对于每一类不饱和有机锗化合物，都给出了最具代表性的例子。讨论了仅由锗原子组成的同核多键化合物以及包含锗和其他第 14 族元素的杂核变体的合成方法，包括无环和环状化合物。基于它们的光谱和结构特性，特别是它们的晶体学参数（双键长度、在双键中心的弯曲以及双键的扭转），讨论了上述化合物的特殊结构特征和非经典键合性质。还简要讨论了标题化合物在合成和催化领域的实际应用前景。
