Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology and Pediatric Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-803 Gdansk, Poland.
Nutrients. 2023 Feb 16;15(4):983. doi: 10.3390/nu15040983.
Prediabetes has become a worldwide health problem. Multiple clinical trials have been conducted to determine the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation in preventing the conversion to diabetes, but the results are inconsistent. The aims of this study were to evaluate the current knowledge and to suggest recommendations for researchers on designing future trials regarding that matter.
Four databases were searched for randomized control trials from the last 10 years about vitamin D and insulin resistance. The systematic electronic literature search identified 2645 studies, of which thirty-eight qualified for full-text reading and discussion. Finally, eight trials were included.
Final results of seven trials reported that supplementation of vitamin D does not reduce insulin resistance nor reduces the risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 development in prediabetes. Only one trial showed improvements in fasting glucose and HOMA-IR.
Due to the great variation and biases in study designs, an unambiguous interpretation of the results is not possible. To eliminate those vulnerabilities in the future, we made certain suggestions for study design. Long-term and well-designed studies are still required.
糖尿病前期已成为全球性健康问题。已经进行了多项临床试验，以确定维生素 D 补充剂在预防糖尿病转化方面的潜在益处，但结果不一致。本研究旨在评估当前的知识，并就这一问题为研究人员设计未来试验提出建议。
从过去 10 年中搜索了四个关于维生素 D 和胰岛素抵抗的随机对照试验数据库。系统的电子文献检索确定了 2645 项研究，其中 38 项符合全文阅读和讨论的标准。最终纳入了八项试验。
七项试验的最终结果表明，补充维生素 D 既不能降低胰岛素抵抗，也不能降低糖尿病前期 2 型糖尿病的发病风险。只有一项试验显示空腹血糖和 HOMA-IR 有所改善。
由于研究设计的差异和偏倚很大，因此无法对结果进行明确解释。为了消除未来的这些漏洞，我们对研究设计提出了一些建议。仍需要进行长期和精心设计的研究。
