Adu Oluwatosin Temilade, Naidoo Yougasphree, Lin Johnson, Dwarka Depika, Mellem John, Murthy Hosakatte Niranjana, Dewir Yaser Hassan
Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.
Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Feb 8;12(4):769. doi: 10.3390/plants12040769.
is traditionally used for an anti-bacterial property. Its cytotoxic effects have not been studied before. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the nutritional properties as well the cytotoxic effects of . The leaves and stem barks were subjected to three different extraction methods (methanol, chloroform and hexane) and their nanoparticles were synthesized at two different temperatures (room temperature and at 80 °C). Thereafter, extracts were assessed using the associated AOCC protocols, for their nutritional content (moisture, fibre, proteins, lipid, ash and hydrolysable carbohydrates). extracts and their corresponding nanoparticles were then incubated overnight with cancerous and noncancerous cell lines to evaluate their cytotoxic potential. The nutritional analysis revealed that both young and mature leaves were rich sources of protein having values of 14.95% and 11.37% respectively. The moisture content was observed to be higher in all the leaf types (8.54 ± 0.75%, 9.67 ± 0.98% and 7.40 ± 0.80%) compared to the stem (2.13 ± 0.07%) respectively. The MTT cytotoxicity assay showed that the cell viability of MCF-7 cell lines was significantly lower when exposed to hexane and chloroform leaves extracts of (IC of 26.64 and 26.07 µg mL) respectively, compared to camptothecin (36.54 µg mL). Similarly, the MCF-7 cell viability was observed to be significantly lower when exposed to hexane and chloroform stem extracts of (IC of 24.57 and 3.92 µg mL), compared to camptothecin (36.54 µg mL). The cell viability of A549 cell lines was also found lower when exposed to the hexane and chloroform extracts (IC of 7.76 and 4.59 µg mL) compared to camptothecin (IC of 19.26 µg mL). Furthermore, the viability of A549 cell lines was found lower when exposed to hexane and chloroform stem extracts of (IC of 10.67 and 5.35 µg mL) compared to camptothecin (19.26 µg mL). The biosynthesized nanoparticles further displayed an anticancer activity with an IC value of 4.08 µg mL when compared to the control (36.54 µg mL). However, the HEK293 cell viability was observed to be significantly higher on exposure to hexane stem extracts of (IC of 158.5 µg mL) compared to camptothecin (IC of 14.77 µg mL). Therefore, leaves, stem bark and nanoparticles synthesized showed high potential for being considered as a candidate for an anti-cancer regimen.
传统上因其抗菌特性而被使用。此前尚未对其细胞毒性作用进行研究。因此，本研究旨在考察其营养特性以及细胞毒性作用。对树叶和茎皮采用三种不同的提取方法（甲醇、氯仿和己烷），并在两个不同温度（室温及80℃）下合成其纳米颗粒。此后，使用相关的AOCC方案评估提取物的营养成分（水分、纤维、蛋白质、脂质、灰分和可水解碳水化合物）。然后将提取物及其相应的纳米颗粒与癌细胞系和非癌细胞系一起孵育过夜，以评估它们的细胞毒性潜力。营养分析表明，幼叶和成熟叶都是丰富的蛋白质来源，其含量分别为14.95%和11.37%。观察到所有叶类型中的水分含量（分别为8.54±0.75%、9.67±0.98%和7.40±0.80%）均高于茎中的水分含量（2.13±0.07%）。MTT细胞毒性试验表明，与喜树碱（36.54μg/mL）相比，MCF-7细胞系暴露于[植物名称]的己烷和氯仿叶提取物（IC分别为26.64和26.07μg/mL）时，细胞活力显著降低。同样，与喜树碱（36.54μg/mL）相比，MCF-7细胞系暴露于[植物名称]的己烷和氯仿茎提取物（IC分别为24.57和3.92μg/mL）时，细胞活力也显著降低。与喜树碱（IC为19.26μg/mL）相比，A549细胞系暴露于己烷和氯仿提取物（IC分别为7.76和4.59μg/mL）时，细胞活力也较低。此外，与喜树碱（19.26μg/mL）相比，A549细胞系暴露于[植物名称]的己烷和氯仿茎提取物（IC分别为10.67和5.35μg/mL）时，细胞活力较低。与对照（36.54μg/mL）相比，生物合成的纳米颗粒进一步显示出抗癌活性，IC值为4.08μg/mL。然而，与喜树碱（IC为14.77μg/mL）相比，HEK293细胞系暴露于[植物名称]的己烷茎提取物（IC为158.5μg/mL）时，细胞活力显著更高。因此，[植物名称]的叶、茎皮及其合成的纳米颗粒显示出作为抗癌方案候选物的巨大潜力。
