Amri Ismail, Khammassi Marwa, Ben Ayed Rayda, Khedhri Sana, Mansour Manel Ben, Kochti Oumayma, Pieracci Ylenia, Flamini Guido, Mabrouk Yassine, Gargouri Samia, Hanana Mohsen, Hamrouni Lamia
Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, National Center of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sidi Thabet, B.P. 72, Ariana 2020, Tunisia.
Laboratory of Management and Valorization of Forest Resources, National Institute of Researches on Rural Engineering, Water and Forests, P.B. 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisia.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Feb 11;12(4):816. doi: 10.3390/plants12040816.
Many plants are able to synthesize essential oils (EOs), which play key roles in defense against weeds, fungi and pests. This study aims to analyze the chemical composition and to highlight the antioxidant, antimicrobial and phytotoxic properties of the EOs from , and growing in Tunisia. EOs were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their antioxidant properties were determined by total antioxidant capacity (TAC), DPPH and ABTS assays. The phytotoxic potential was assessed against weeds (, ) and durum wheat crop () and compared to chemical herbicide glyphosate. The antifungal activity was investigated in vitro against eight target fungal strains. All EOs displayed a specific richness in oxygenated monoterpenes (51.3-90%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (4.8-29.4%), and 1,8-cineole, citronellal, citronellol, -pinocarveol, globulol, spathulenol and citronellyl acetate were the main constituents. EOs exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity and oil exhibited significant activity when compared with and EOs. The phytotoxic potential of the tested oils had different efficacy on seed germination and the growth of seedlings and varied among tested herbs and their chemical composition variability. Their effectiveness was better than that of glyphosate. At the post-emergence stage, symptoms of chlorosis and necrosis were observed. Furthermore, a decrease in chlorophyll and relative water content, electrolyte leakage and high levels of MDA and proline were indicators of the oxidative effects of EOs and their effectiveness as bioherbicides. Moreover, all the EOs exhibited moderate fungitoxic properties against all the tested fungal strains. Therefore, according to the obtained results, EOs could have potential application as natural pesticides.
许多植物能够合成精油（EOs），这些精油在抵御杂草、真菌和害虫方面发挥着关键作用。本研究旨在分析突尼斯生长的[植物名称1]、[植物名称2]和[植物名称3]精油的化学成分，并突出其抗氧化、抗菌和植物毒性特性。通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC/MS）分析精油，并通过总抗氧化能力（TAC）、DPPH和ABTS测定法测定其抗氧化性能。评估了对杂草（[杂草名称1]、[杂草名称2]）和硬粒小麦作物（[作物名称]）的植物毒性潜力，并与化学除草剂草甘膦进行了比较。研究了对八种目标真菌菌株的体外抗真菌活性。所有精油在氧化单萜（51.3 - 90%）和氧化倍半萜（4.8 - 29.4%）中表现出特定的丰富度，1,8-桉叶素、香茅醛、香茅醇、β-松油醇、球松素、匙叶桉油烯醇和乙酸香茅酯是主要成分。[植物名称1]精油表现出显著的抗氧化活性，与[植物名称2]和[植物名称3]精油相比，[植物名称1]精油表现出显著活性。测试精油的植物毒性潜力对种子萌发和幼苗生长具有不同的功效，并且在测试的草本植物及其化学成分变异性之间有所不同。它们的有效性优于草甘膦。在出苗后阶段，观察到黄化和坏死症状。此外，叶绿素和相对含水量的降低、电解质渗漏以及高水平的丙二醛和脯氨酸是精油氧化作用及其作为生物除草剂有效性的指标。此外，所有精油对所有测试的真菌菌株均表现出中等的杀真菌特性。因此，根据所得结果，[植物名称1]、[植物名称2]和[植物名称3]精油可能具有作为天然农药的潜在应用。
