Agapitos P J, Noel L P, Clarke W N
Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa.
Ophthalmology. 1987 Oct;94(10):1238-41. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(87)80006-4.
The authors reviewed the medical records of 316 children admitted between January 1977 and March 1985 with a diagnosis of traumatic hyphema. In this group of patients, 1 to 17 years old treated without antifibrinolytics, the incidence of secondary hemorrhage was 7.6% (24 of 316 patients) of whom three required surgical evacuation of the clot. The risk of rebleeding did not correlate with the patient's age, use of topical steroids, or cycloplegics. Of 176 patients followed from 1 month to 7 years post-hospital discharge, 91% achieved 20/30 vision or better, but only 77% of the patients with secondary hemorrhage attained this level of vision. Amblyopia, a potential threat in young children, occurred in only two children both of whom also required cataract extraction. From our captive pediatric population of 228,000 the incidence of traumatic hyphema is 17 per 100,000 children per year.
作者回顾了1977年1月至1985年3月期间收治的316例诊断为外伤性前房积血的儿童病历。在这组年龄为1至17岁且未使用抗纤溶药物治疗的患者中，继发性出血的发生率为7.6%（316例患者中有24例），其中3例需要手术清除血块。再出血风险与患者年龄、局部使用类固醇或睫状肌麻痹剂无关。在176例出院后随访1个月至7年的患者中，91%的患者视力达到20/30或更好，但继发性出血患者中只有77%达到这一视力水平。弱视是幼儿的一个潜在威胁，仅在两名儿童中发生，这两名儿童均需要进行白内障摘除术。在我们22.8万名儿童的特定人群中，外伤性前房积血的发生率为每年每10万名儿童中有17例。
