儿童眼部损伤：现状
Eye injuries in children: the current picture.
作者信息
MacEwen C J, Baines P S, Desai P
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY.
出版信息
Br J Ophthalmol. 1999 Aug;83(8):933-6. doi: 10.1136/bjo.83.8.933.
AIMS
To investigate the current causes and outcomes of paediatric ocular trauma.
METHODS
A prospective observational study of all children admitted to hospital with ocular trauma in Scotland over a 1 year period.
RESULTS
The commonest mechanism of injury was blunt trauma, accounting for 65% of the total. 60% of the patients were admitted with a hyphaema. Injuries necessitating admission occurred most frequently at home (51%). Sporting activities were the commonest cause of injury in the 5-14 age group. There were no injuries caused by road traffic accidents or fireworks. Patients were admitted to hospital for a mean of 4.2 days (range 1-25 days). One (1%) child had an acuity in the "visually impaired" range (6/18-6/60) and one (1%) was "blind" (6/60) in the affected eye. No child was bilaterally blinded by injury and none required blind or partial sight registration.
CONCLUSION
This study has shown that the incidence of eye injuries affecting children has fallen. The outcome of ocular trauma has improved significantly, and for the first time paediatric injuries appear to have a better prognosis than injuries affecting adults.
目的
调查儿童眼外伤的当前病因及后果。
方法
对苏格兰一年内所有因眼外伤入院的儿童进行前瞻性观察研究。
结果
最常见的损伤机制是钝挫伤，占总数的65%。60%的患者因前房积血入院。需要住院治疗的损伤最常发生在家中（51%）。体育活动是5 - 14岁年龄组最常见的损伤原因。没有因道路交通事故或烟花造成的损伤。患者平均住院4.2天（范围1 - 25天）。一名（1%）儿童患眼视力在“视力受损”范围（6/18 - 6/60），一名（1%）患眼“失明”（6/60）。没有儿童因伤双侧失明，也无人需要进行盲人或低视力登记。
结论
本研究表明，影响儿童的眼外伤发生率有所下降。眼外伤的后果有了显著改善，儿童损伤的预后首次似乎优于成人损伤。
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