Ojala Teija, Kankuri Esko, Kankainen Matti
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Laboratory of Genetics, HUS Diagnostic Center, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa (HUS), Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Trends Mol Med. 2023 May;29(5):376-389. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.02.002. Epub 2023 Feb 25.
Metatranscriptomics has revolutionized our ability to explore and understand transcriptional programs in microbial communities. Moreover, it has enabled us to gain deeper and more specific insight into the microbial activities in human gut, respiratory, oral, and vaginal communities. Perhaps the most important contribution of metatranscriptomics arises, however, from the analyses of disease-associated communities. We review the advantages and disadvantages of metatranscriptomics analyses in understanding human health and disease. We focus on human tissues low in microbial biomass and conditions associated with dysbiotic microbiota. We conclude that a more widespread use of metatranscriptomics and increased knowledge on microbe activities will uncover critical interactions between microbes and host in human health and provide diagnostic basis for culturing-independent, direct functional pathogen identification.
宏转录组学彻底改变了我们探索和理解微生物群落转录程序的能力。此外，它使我们能够更深入、更具体地洞察人类肠道、呼吸道、口腔和阴道群落中的微生物活动。然而，宏转录组学最重要的贡献或许来自于对疾病相关群落的分析。我们综述了宏转录组学分析在理解人类健康和疾病方面的优缺点。我们关注微生物生物量较低的人体组织以及与微生物群失调相关的状况。我们得出结论，更广泛地应用宏转录组学以及增加对微生物活动的了解，将揭示微生物与宿主在人类健康中的关键相互作用，并为无需培养的直接功能性病原体鉴定提供诊断依据。
